Directive 2023/970 - Directive 2023/970 to strengthen the application of the principle of equal pay for equal work or work of equal value between men and women through pay transparency and enforcement mechanisms - Main contents
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official title
Directive (EU) 2023/970 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 May 2023 to strengthen the application of the principle of equal pay for equal work or work of equal value between men and women through pay transparency and enforcement mechanismsLegal instrument | Directive |
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Number legal act | Directive 2023/970 |
Original proposal | COM(2021)93 ![]() |
CELEX number i | 32023L0970 |
Document | 10-05-2023; Date of signature |
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Publication in Official Journal | 17-05-2023; OJ L 132 p. 21-44 |
Signature | 10-05-2023 |
Effect | 06-06-2023; Entry into force Date pub. +20 See Art 36 |
Deadline | 31-01-2028; See Art 31 07-06-2028; See Art 29.4 07-06-2031; See Art 35.1 07-06-2033; Review See Art 35.2 |
End of validity | 31-12-9999 |
Transposition | 07-06-2026; See Art 34.1 |
17.5.2023 |
EN |
Official Journal of the European Union |
L 132/21 |
DIRECTIVE (EU) 2023/970 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 10 May 2023
to strengthen the application of the principle of equal pay for equal work or work of equal value between men and women through pay transparency and enforcement mechanisms
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 157(3) thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,
After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),
Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure (2),
Whereas:
(1) |
Article 11 of the United Nations Convention of 18 December 1979 on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, which all Member States have ratified, provides that States Parties are to take all appropriate measures to ensure, inter alia, the right to equal remuneration, including benefits, and to equal treatment in respect of work of equal value, as well as equality of treatment in the evaluation of the quality of work. |
(2) |
Article 2 and Article 3(3) of the Treaty on European Union enshrine the right to equality between women and men as one of the essential values of the Union. |
(3) |
Articles 8 and 10 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) require the Union to aim to eliminate inequalities, to promote equality between men and women and to combat discrimination based on sex in all its policies and activities. |
(4) |
Article 157(1) TFEU obliges each Member State to ensure that the principle of equal pay for male and female workers for equal work or work of equal value is applied. Article 157(3) TFEU provides for the adoption by the Union of measures to ensure the application of the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment and occupation, including the principle of equal pay for equal work or work of equal value (the ‘principle of equal pay’). |
(5) |
The Court of Justice of the European Union (the ‘Court of Justice’) has held that the scope of the principle of equal treatment of men and women cannot be confined to discrimination based on the fact that a person is of one or other sex (3). In view of its purpose and the nature of the rights which it seeks to safeguard, that principle also applies to discrimination arising from gender reassignment. |
(6) |
In some Member States, it is currently possible for persons to legally register as having a third, often a neutral, gender. This Directive does not affect relevant national rules giving effect to such recognition as regards matters of employment and pay. |
(7) |
Article 21 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the ‘Charter’) prohibits any discrimination, inter alia, on the grounds of sex. Article 23 of the Charter provides that equality between women and men must be ensured in all areas, including employment, work and pay. |
(8) |
Article 23 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states, inter alia, that everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to just remuneration ensuring an existence worthy of human dignity. |
(9) |
The European Pillar of Social Rights, jointly proclaimed by the European Parliament, the Council, and the Commission, incorporates among its principles equality of treatment and opportunities between women and men, and the right to equal pay for work of equal... |
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