Directive 2008/48 - Credit agreements for consumers

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Contents

  1. Current status
  2. Key information
  3. Key dates
  4. Legislative text
  5. Original proposal
  6. Sources and disclaimer
  7. Full version
  8. EU Monitor

1.

Current status

This directive is in effect from June 11, 2008 until November 19, 2026 and should have been implemented in national regulation on June 11, 2010 at the latest.

2.

Key information

official title

Directive 2008/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2008 on credit agreements for consumers and repealing Council Directive 87/102/EEC
 
Legal instrument Directive
Number legal act Directive 2008/48
Original proposal COM(2002)443 EN
CELEX number151 32008L0048

3.

Key dates

Document 23-04-2008
Publication in Official Journal 22-05-2008; OJ L 133, 22.5.2008,Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 15 Volume 013
Effect 11-06-2008; Entry into force Date pub. +20 See Art 31
End of validity 19-11-2026; Partial end of validity See 32023L2225 Art. 47
31-12-9999; Repealed by 32023L2225
Transposition 11-06-2010; At the latest See Art 27.1

4.

Legislative text

22.5.2008   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

L 133/66
 

DIRECTIVE 2008/48/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

of 23 April 2008

on credit agreements for consumers and repealing Council Directive 87/102/EEC

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 95 thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty (2),

Whereas:

 

(1)

Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit (3) lays down rules at Community level concerning consumer credit agreements.
 

(2)

In 1995, the Commission presented a report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC and undertook a broad consultation of the interested parties. In 1997, the Commission presented a summary report of reactions to the 1995 report. A second report was produced in 1996 on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC.
 

(3)

Those reports and consultations revealed substantial differences between the laws of the various Member States in the field of credit for natural persons in general and consumer credit in particular. An analysis of the national laws transposing Directive 87/102/EEC shows that Member States use a variety of consumer protection mechanisms, in addition to Directive 87/102/EEC, on account of differences in the legal or economic situation at national level.
 

(4)

The de facto and de jure situation resulting from those national differences in some cases leads to distortions of competition among creditors in the Community and creates obstacles to the internal market where Member States have adopted different mandatory provisions more stringent than those provided for in Directive 87/102/EEC. It restricts consumers' ability to make direct use of the gradually increasing availability of cross-border credit. Those distortions and restrictions may in turn have consequences in terms of the demand for goods and services.
 

(5)

In recent years the types of credit offered to and used by consumers have evolved considerably. New credit instruments have appeared, and their use continues to develop. It is therefore necessary to amend existing provisions and to extend their scope, where appropriate.
 

(6)

In accordance with the Treaty, the internal market comprises an area without internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods and services and freedom of establishment are ensured. The development of a more transparent and efficient credit market within the area without internal frontiers is vital in order to promote the development of cross-border activities.
 

(7)

In order to facilitate the emergence of a well-functioning internal market in consumer credit, it is necessary to make provision for a harmonised Community framework in a number of core areas. In view of the continuously developing market in consumer credit and the increasing mobility of European citizens, forward-looking Community legislation which is able to adapt to future forms of credit and which allows Member States the appropriate degree of flexibility in their implementation should help to establish a modern body of law on consumer credit.
 

(8)

It is important that the market should offer a sufficient degree of consumer protection to ensure consumer confidence. Thus, it should be possible for the free movement of credit offers to take place under optimum conditions for both those who offer credit and those who require it, with due regard to specific situations in the individual Member...


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This text has been adopted from EUR-Lex.

5.

Original proposal

 

6.

Sources and disclaimer

For further information you may want to consult the following sources that have been used to compile this dossier:

This dossier is compiled each night drawing from aforementioned sources through automated processes. We have invested a great deal in optimising the programming underlying these processes. However, we cannot guarantee the sources we draw our information from nor the resulting dossier are without fault.

 

7.

Full version

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8.

EU Monitor

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  • 1. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 2. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 3. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 4. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 5. 
    COM(97) 465 final of 24.09.97.

     
  • 6. 
    Communication from the Commission - Financial services: enhancing consumer confidence - follow-up to the Green Paper on "Financial services: meeting consumers' expectations", COM(97)309 final.

     
  • 7. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A.,
     
  • 8. 
    cf. Eurobarometer 54, February 2001 'Les Européens et les services financiers' and EB 56, December 2001: 'Europeans and the financial services'.

     
  • 9. 
    See monthly BEU bulletins.

     
  • 10. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 11. 
    Court of Justice. Judgment of 23 March 2000, Case C-208/98, Berliner Kindl Brauerei AG.

     
  • 12. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the M S - non-exhaustive list for F, UK, L, B, IRL, and S.

     
  • 13. 
    The Member States have comprehensively stretched the limit of scope of Directive 87/102/EEC. Similar or comparable legislation in the Member States - a non-exhaustive list grouped by exemption:

     
  • 14. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 15. 
    OJ L 141, 11.06.1993, p. 27

     
  • 16. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 17. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 18. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 19. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: UK, B and L; partial legislation in respect of certain effects or door-to-door selling situations: IRL and NL.

     
  • 20. 
    See Court of Justice. Judgment of 13 December 2001, Case C-481/99.

     
  • 21. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: paragraph 1 and paragraph 2: most of the MS, for example, F and B: offer in advance, NL: prospectus; IRL and L: information relating to advertising, the activities pursued by the credit provider, UK: the duty to provide information and to specify this information for each credit agreement etc. paragraph 3: B

     
  • 22. 
    JO L 69, 10/03/2001 p. 0025 - 0029

     
  • 23. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 24. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A.,
     
  • 25. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 26. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: the situation differs widely from one MS to another: NL and B: virtually similar legislation but extended to include positive files, D, A and I: positive files that go beyond the positive recording of data on credit and surety agreements with no consultation requirement; F and DK: only negative files with no consultation requirement. By way of contrast, UK: no central database, virtually unrestricted freedom to set up private decentralised databases with no common criteria or consultation requirement.

     
  • 27. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in MS - non-exhaustive list: NL, B and for guarantors F and S.

     
  • 28. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 29. 
    Almost all the MS have something similar. Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: B: right of 'renonciation' during a period of seven working days, R: 'rétractation' period lasting seven days, IRL right to 'withdraw' for 10 calendar days, L: right 'à se départir' but only for credit agreements granted by a supplier and within two days. UK: 'cooling-off period' various arrangements, D and A: 'Widerrufsrecht'.

     
  • 30. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS with regulations that in general terms exceed the directive by guaranteeing a fuller base: B, E, F, NL, A, S; MS with unique solutions or which include the insurance charges: B, DK, E, F, NL, A, S, UK.

     
  • 31. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A.,
     
  • 32. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: (1) with restrictions regarding the calculation and/or the amount of the indemnity: IRL, NL, B, L, UK, (2) with ban: F

     
  • 33. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: in the UK there is a system of 'pure' joint and several liability without any exclusive link but which has now a lower and an upper limit. Other MS such as F and D have developed 'independent' systems. The B, IRL, F and L have not kept a lower limit. NL has a lower limit..

     
  • 34. 
    Report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit - COM (95) 117 final of 11.05.95 paragraphs 184 -188. Summary report of reactions and comments COM (97) 465 final of 24.09.97, No II.5.

     
  • 35. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: B, IRL, NL, L, UK.

     
  • 36. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 37. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 38. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 39. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 40. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 41. 
    OJ C , p.

     
  • 42. 
    OJ C , , p. .

     
  • 43. 
    OJ C , , p. .

     
  • 44. 
    COM(95) 117 final.

     
  • 45. 
    OJ L 42, 12.2.1987, p.48. Directive most recently amended by Directive 98/7/EC (OJ L 101, 1.4.1998, p.17.

     
  • 46. 
    COM(97) 465 final.

     
  • 47. 
    COM(96) 79 final.

     
  • 48. 
    OJ L 61, 10.3.1990, p.14..

     
  • 49. 
    OJ L 69, 10.3.2001, p. 25.

     
  • 50. 
    OJ L 250, 19.9.1984, p. 17. Directive amended by Directive 97/55/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 290, 23.10.1997, p.18).

     
  • 51. 
    OJ L 372, 31.12.1985, p. 31.

     
  • 52. 
    OJ L 281, 23.11.1995, p.31.

     
  • 53. 
    OJ L 95, 21.4.1993, p.29.

     
  • 54. 
    OJ L
     
  • 55. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 56. 
    OJ L 141, 11.6.1993, p.27.

     
  • 57. 
    OJ L 141, 11.6.1993, p.27.

     
  • 58. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 59. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 60. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 61. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 62. 
    OJ L 144, 4.6.1997, p.19.

     
  • 63. 
    OJ L 280, 29.10.1994, p.83.

     
  • 64. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 65. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A.,
     
  • 66. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 67. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 68. 
    OJ L 126, 26.5.2000, p. 1.

     
  • 69. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 70. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 71. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 72. 
    For further information, see separate explanatory note.

     
  • 73. 
    For further information, see separate explanatory note.

     
  • 74. 
    For further information, see separate explanatory note.

     
  • 75. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 76. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 77. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 78. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 79. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 80. 
    COM(97) 465 final of 24.09.97.

     
  • 81. 
    Communication from the Commission - Financial services: enhancing consumer confidence - follow-up to the Green Paper on "Financial services: meeting consumers' expectations", COM(97)309 final.

     
  • 82. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A., ' Study on the mortgage credit in the European Economic Area. Structure of the sector and application of the rules in the directives 87/102 and 90/88. Final report on tender n° XXIV/96/U6/21 SECKELMANN, R., ' Methods of calculation, in the European Economic Area, of the annual percentage rate of charge, Final Report 31 October 1995, Contract n° AO 2600/94/00101, REIFNER, U., Harmonisation of cost elements of the annual percentage rate of charge, APR, Hamburg 1998, Project n° AO-2600/97/000169. DOMONT-NAERT, F., et LACOSTE, A.-C., ' Etude sur le problème de l'usure dans certains états membres de l'espace économique européen, Louvain-la-Neuve 1997, Contrat n° AO-2600/96/000260 ; DOMONT-NAERT, F., et DEJEMEPPE, P, Etude sur le rôle et les activités des intermédiaires de crédit aux consommateurs, contrat n° AO-2600/95/000254, 1996, BALATE, E., et DEJEMEPPE, P., "Conséquences de l'inexécution des contrats de crédit à la consommation." Etude AO-2600/95/000270 Commission européenne, rapport final.

     
  • 83. 
    cf. Eurobarometer 54, February 2001 'Les Européens et les services financiers' and EB 56, December 2001: 'Europeans and the financial services'.

     
  • 84. 
    See monthly BEU bulletins.

     
  • 85. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 86. 
    Court of Justice. Judgment of 23 March 2000, Case C-208/98, Berliner Kindl Brauerei AG.

     
  • 87. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the M S - non-exhaustive list for F, UK, L, B, IRL, and S.

     
  • 88. 
    The Member States have comprehensively stretched the limit of scope of Directive 87/102/EEC. Similar or comparable legislation in the Member States - a non-exhaustive list grouped by exemption:

     
  • 89. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 90. 
    OJ L 141, 11.06.1993, p. 27

     
  • 91. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 92. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 93. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 94. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: UK, B and L; partial legislation in respect of certain effects or door-to-door selling situations: IRL and NL.

     
  • 95. 
    See Court of Justice. Judgment of 13 December 2001, Case C-481/99.

     
  • 96. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: paragraph 1 and paragraph 2: most of the MS, for example, F and B: offer in advance, NL: prospectus; IRL and L: information relating to advertising, the activities pursued by the credit provider, UK: the duty to provide information and to specify this information for each credit agreement etc. paragraph 3: B

     
  • 97. 
    JO L 69, 10/03/2001 p. 0025 - 0029

     
  • 98. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 99. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A., ' Study on the mortgage credit in the European Economic Area. Structure of the sector and application of the rules in the directives 87/102 and 90/88. Final report on tender n° XXIV/96/U6/21 SECKELMANN, R., ' Methods of calculation, in the European Economic Area, of the annual percentage rate of charge, Final Report 31 October 1995, Contract n° AO 2600/94/00101, REIFNER, U., Harmonisation of cost elements of the annual percentage rate of charge, APR, Hamburg 1998, Project n° AO-2600/97/000169. DOMONT-NAERT, F., et LACOSTE, A.-C., ' Etude sur le problème de l'usure dans certains états membres de l'espace économique européen, Louvain-la-Neuve 1997, Contrat n° AO-2600/96/000260 ; DOMONT-NAERT, F., et DEJEMEPPE, P, Etude sur le rôle et les activités des intermédiaires de crédit aux consommateurs, contrat n° AO-2600/95/000254, 1996, BALATE, E., et DEJEMEPPE, P., "Conséquences de l'inexécution des contrats de crédit à la consommation." Etude AO-2600/95/000270 Commission européenne, rapport final.

     
  • 100. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 101. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: the situation differs widely from one MS to another: NL and B: virtually similar legislation but extended to include positive files, D, A and I: positive files that go beyond the positive recording of data on credit and surety agreements with no consultation requirement; F and DK: only negative files with no consultation requirement. By way of contrast, UK: no central database, virtually unrestricted freedom to set up private decentralised databases with no common criteria or consultation requirement.

     
  • 102. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in MS - non-exhaustive list: NL, B and for guarantors F and S.

     
  • 103. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 104. 
    Almost all the MS have something similar. Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: B: right of 'renonciation' during a period of seven working days, R: 'rétractation' period lasting seven days, IRL right to 'withdraw' for 10 calendar days, L: right 'à se départir' but only for credit agreements granted by a supplier and within two days. UK: 'cooling-off period' various arrangements, D and A: 'Widerrufsrecht'.

     
  • 105. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS with regulations that in general terms exceed the directive by guaranteeing a fuller base: B, E, F, NL, A, S; MS with unique solutions or which include the insurance charges: B, DK, E, F, NL, A, S, UK.

     
  • 106. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A., ' Study on the mortgage credit in the European Economic Area. Structure of the sector and application of the rules in the directives 87/102 and 90/88. Final report on tender n° XXIV/96/U6/21 SECKELMANN, R., ' Methods of calculation, in the European Economic Area, of the annual percentage rate of charge, Final Report 31 October 1995, Contract n° AO 2600/94/00101, REIFNER, U., Harmonisation of cost elements of the annual percentage rate of charge, APR, Hamburg 1998, Project n° AO-2600/97/000169. DOMONT-NAERT, F., et LACOSTE, A.-C., ' Etude sur le problème de l'usure dans certains états membres de l'espace économique européen, Louvain-la-Neuve 1997, Contrat n° AO-2600/96/000260 ; DOMONT-NAERT, F., et DEJEMEPPE, P, Etude sur le rôle et les activités des intermédiaires de crédit aux consommateurs, contrat n° AO-2600/95/000254, 1996, BALATE, E., et DEJEMEPPE, P., "Conséquences de l'inexécution des contrats de crédit à la consommation." Etude AO-2600/95/000270 Commission européenne, rapport final.

     
  • 107. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: (1) with restrictions regarding the calculation and/or the amount of the indemnity: IRL, NL, B, L, UK, (2) with ban: F

     
  • 108. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: in the UK there is a system of 'pure' joint and several liability without any exclusive link but which has now a lower and an upper limit. Other MS such as F and D have developed 'independent' systems. The B, IRL, F and L have not kept a lower limit. NL has a lower limit..

     
  • 109. 
    Report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit - COM (95) 117 final of 11.05.95 paragraphs 184 -188. Summary report of reactions and comments COM (97) 465 final of 24.09.97, No II.5.

     
  • 110. 
    Similar or comparable legislation in the MS - non-exhaustive list: B, IRL, NL, L, UK.

     
  • 111. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 112. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 113. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 114. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 115. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 116. 
    OJ C , p.

     
  • 117. 
    OJ C , , p. .

     
  • 118. 
    OJ C , , p. .

     
  • 119. 
    COM(95) 117 final.

     
  • 120. 
    OJ L 42, 12.2.1987, p.48. Directive most recently amended by Directive 98/7/EC (OJ L 101, 1.4.1998, p.17.

     
  • 121. 
    COM(97) 465 final.

     
  • 122. 
    COM(96) 79 final.

     
  • 123. 
    OJ L 61, 10.3.1990, p.14..

     
  • 124. 
    OJ L 69, 10.3.2001, p. 25.

     
  • 125. 
    OJ L 250, 19.9.1984, p. 17. Directive amended by Directive 97/55/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 290, 23.10.1997, p.18).

     
  • 126. 
    OJ L 372, 31.12.1985, p. 31.

     
  • 127. 
    OJ L 281, 23.11.1995, p.31.

     
  • 128. 
    OJ L 95, 21.4.1993, p.29.

     
  • 129. 
    OJ L
     
  • 130. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 131. 
    OJ L 141, 11.6.1993, p.27.

     
  • 132. 
    OJ L 141, 11.6.1993, p.27.

     
  • 133. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 134. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 135. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 136. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 137. 
    OJ L 144, 4.6.1997, p.19.

     
  • 138. 
    OJ L 280, 29.10.1994, p.83.

     
  • 139. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 140. 
    LEA, M.J., WELTER, R., DÜBEL, A., ' Study on the mortgage credit in the European Economic Area. Structure of the sector and application of the rules in the directives 87/102 and 90/88. Final report on tender n° XXIV/96/U6/21 SECKELMANN, R., ' Methods of calculation, in the European Economic Area, of the annual percentage rate of charge, Final Report 31 October 1995, Contract n° AO 2600/94/00101, REIFNER, U., Harmonisation of cost elements of the annual percentage rate of charge, APR, Hamburg 1998, Project n° AO-2600/97/000169. DOMONT-NAERT, F., et LACOSTE, A.-C., ' Etude sur le problème de l'usure dans certains états membres de l'espace économique européen, Louvain-la-Neuve 1997, Contrat n° AO-2600/96/000260 ; DOMONT-NAERT, F., et DEJEMEPPE, P, Etude sur le rôle et les activités des intermédiaires de crédit aux consommateurs, contrat n° AO-2600/95/000254, 1996, BALATE, E., et DEJEMEPPE, P., "Conséquences de l'inexécution des contrats de crédit à la consommation." Etude AO-2600/95/000270 Commission européenne, rapport final.

     
  • 141. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 87/102/EEC, COM(95)117 final.

     
  • 142. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 143. 
    OJ L 126, 26.5.2000, p. 1.

     
  • 144. 
    European Commission, report on the operation of Directive 90/88/EEC, COM(96) 79 final of 12.04.96.

     
  • 145. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 146. 
    Council Directive 90/88/EEC of 22 February 1990 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 061, 10/03/1990 p. 14-18, itself amended by Directive 98/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 amending Directive 87/102/EEC for the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit, OJ L 101, 01/04/1998 p. 17-23.

     
  • 147. 
    For further information, see separate explanatory note.

     
  • 148. 
    For further information, see separate explanatory note.

     
  • 149. 
    For further information, see separate explanatory note.

     
  • 150. 
    Council Directive 87/102/EEC of 22 December 1986 for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning consumer credit.

     
  • 151. 
    Deze databank van de Europese Unie biedt de mogelijkheid de actuele werkzaamheden (workflow) van de Europese instellingen (Europees Parlement, Raad, ESC, Comité van de Regio's, Europese Centrale Bank, Hof van Justitie enz.) te volgen. EURlex volgt alle voorstellen (zoals wetgevende en begrotingsdossiers) en mededelingen van de Commissie, vanaf het moment dat ze aan de Raad of het Europees Parlement worden voorgelegd.
     
  • 152. 
    EUR-lex provides an overview of the proposal, amendments, citations and legality.