Regulation 2007/864 - Law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II)

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Contents

  1. Current status
  2. Key information
  3. Key dates
  4. Legislative text
  5. Original proposal
  6. Sources and disclaimer
  7. Full version
  8. EU Monitor

1.

Current status

This regulation has been published on July 31, 2007 and entered into force on July 11, 2008.

2.

Key information

official title

Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2007 on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II)
 
Legal instrument Regulation
Number legal act Regulation 2007/864
Original proposal COM(2003)427 EN
CELEX number179 32007R0864

3.

Key dates

Document 11-07-2007
Publication in Official Journal 31-07-2007; Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 19 Volume 006,OJ L 199, 31.7.2007
Effect 11-07-2008; Partial application See Art 32
11-01-2009; Application See Art 32
End of validity 31-12-9999

4.

Legislative text

31.7.2007   

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

L 199/40

 

REGULATION (EC) No 864/2007 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

of 11 July 2007

on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (Rome II)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Articles 61(c) and 67 thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty in the light of the joint text approved by the Conciliation Committee on 25 June 2007 (2),

Whereas:

 

(1)

The Community has set itself the objective of maintaining and developing an area of freedom, security and justice. For the progressive establishment of such an area, the Community is to adopt measures relating to judicial cooperation in civil matters with a cross-border impact to the extent necessary for the proper functioning of the internal market.

 

(2)

According to Article 65(b) of the Treaty, these measures are to include those promoting the compatibility of the rules applicable in the Member States concerning the conflict of laws and of jurisdiction.

 

(3)

The European Council meeting in Tampere on 15 and 16 October 1999 endorsed the principle of mutual recognition of judgments and other decisions of judicial authorities as the cornerstone of judicial cooperation in civil matters and invited the Council and the Commission to adopt a programme of measures to implement the principle of mutual recognition.

 

(4)

On 30 November 2000, the Council adopted a joint Commission and Council programme of measures for implementation of the principle of mutual recognition of decisions in civil and commercial matters (3). The programme identifies measures relating to the harmonisation of conflict-of-law rules as those facilitating the mutual recognition of judgments.

 

(5)

The Hague Programme (4), adopted by the European Council on 5 November 2004, called for work to be pursued actively on the rules of conflict of laws regarding non-contractual obligations (Rome II).

 

(6)

The proper functioning of the internal market creates a need, in order to improve the predictability of the outcome of litigation, certainty as to the law applicable and the free movement of judgments, for the conflict-of-law rules in the Member States to designate the same national law irrespective of the country of the court in which an action is brought.

 

(7)

The substantive scope and the provisions of this Regulation should be consistent with Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (5) (Brussels I) and the instruments dealing with the law applicable to contractual obligations.

 

(8)

This Regulation should apply irrespective of the nature of the court or tribunal seised.

 

(9)

Claims arising out of acta iure imperii should include claims against officials who act on behalf of the State and liability for acts of public authorities, including liability of publicly appointed office-holders. Therefore, these matters should be excluded from the scope of this Regulation.

 

(10)

Family relationships should cover parentage, marriage, affinity and collateral relatives. The reference in Article 1(2) to relationships having comparable effects to marriage and other family relationships should be interpreted in accordance with the law of the Member State in which the court is seised.

 

(11)

The concept of a non-contractual obligation varies from one Member State to another. Therefore for the purposes of this Regulation...


More

This text has been adopted from EUR-Lex.

5.

Original proposal

  • COM(2003)427 - Law applicable to non-contractual obligations ("ROME II")
 

6.

Sources and disclaimer

For further information you may want to consult the following sources that have been used to compile this dossier:
  • dossier EUR-Lex decision180

This dossier is compiled each night drawing from aforementioned sources through automated processes. We have invested a great deal in optimising the programming underlying these processes. However, we cannot guarantee the sources we draw our information from nor the resulting dossier are without fault.

 

7.

Full version

This page is also available in a full version containing the summary of legislation, the legal context, de Europese rechtsgrond, other dossiers related to the dossier at hand and finally the related cases of the European Court of Justice.

The full version is available for registered users of the EU Monitor by ANP and PDC Informatie Architectuur.

8.

EU Monitor

The EU Monitor enables its users to keep track of the European process of lawmaking, focusing on the relevant dossiers. It automatically signals developments in your chosen topics of interest. Apologies to unregistered users, we can no longer add new users.This service will discontinue in the near future.


  • 1. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 2. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 3. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 4. 
    The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.

     
  • 5. 
    Project No GR/97/051.

     
  • 6. 
    OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.

     
  • 7. 
    Project No GR/97/051.

     
  • 8. 
    Accessible at www.drt.ucl.ac.be/gedip/ gedip_documents.html.

     
  • 9. 
    OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.

     
  • 10. 
    The contributions received by the Commission can be consulted at: europa.eu.int/comm/justice_home/ news/consulting_public/rome_ii/news_summary_rome2_en.htm.

     
  • 11. 
    See the decision of the Court of Justice in the following notes as regards the account to be taken of this spreading of factors for the international jurisdiction of the courts.

     
  • 12. 
    There are more than fifteen national systems because the United Kingdom does not have a unitary system.

     
  • 13. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 14. 
    Case 21/76 Mines de Potasse d' Alsace
     
  • 15. 
    OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.

     
  • 16. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 8.

     
  • 17. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 18. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 19. 
    Case 34/82 Martin Peters
     
  • 20. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 21. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 22. 
    Report on the Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations, OJ C 282, 31.10.1980, p. 1.

     
  • 23. 
    Article 2(1).

     
  • 24. 
    Article 22.

     
  • 25. 
    Article 23.

     
  • 26. 
    Article 24.

     
  • 27. 
    Article 27.

     
  • 28. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 29. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 30. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 31. 
    Case C-364/93 Marinari v Lloyds Bank
     
  • 32. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 33. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 34. 
    OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.

     
  • 35. 
    Cf. point 3.2.5 of the Green Paper on converting the Convention of Rome of 1980 on the law applicable to contractual obligations into a Community instrument and its modernisation.

     
  • 36. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 37. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 38. 
    Council Directive 85/374/EEC of 25.7.1985 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning liability for defective products (OJ L 210, 7.8.1985, p. 29), as amended by Directive 1999/34/EC of 10 May 1999 (OJ L 141, 4.6.1999, p. 20).

     
  • 39. 
    Such a case might be a German tourist buying French-made goods in Rome airport to take to an African country, where they explode and cause him to sustain damage.

     
  • 40. 
    Finland, France, Luxembourg the Netherlands and Spain. The convention is also in force in Norway, Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia and Yugoslavia.

     
  • 41. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 42. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 43. 
    Directive 85/374, Article 3(2).

     
  • 44. 
    Parliament and Council Directive 98/27/EC of 19 May 1998 on injunctions for the protection of consumers' interests: OJ L 166, 11.6.1998, p. 51.

     
  • 45. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 46. 
    Case C-167/2000 Henkel (judgment given on 1.10.2002).

     
  • 47. 
    Resolution passed at the Amsterdam congress in October 1992, published in the Revue internationale de la concurrence 1992 (No 168), p. 51, this Resolution having also called for an effort to harmonise the substantive rules here.

     
  • 48. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 49. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 50. 
    Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland (doctrine of the 'proper law of the tort'), Netherlands, Spain and Sweden.

     
  • 51. 
    Some academic writers in England doubt, however, whether invasions of privacy are also covered by this rule.

     
  • 52. 
    Case C 68/93 Fiona Shevill and others v Press Alliance SA
     
  • 53. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 54. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 55. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 56. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 57. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 58. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 59. 
    OJ C 337 E, 28.11.2000, p. 78.

     
  • 60. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 61. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 62. 
    Examples include section 6 of the Dutch Act of 11 April 2001 and section 42 of the German EGBGB.

     
  • 63. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 64. 
    It goes without saying that the law governing the injured party's succession applies to the determination of the heirs, this being a preliminary to the main action.

     
  • 65. 
    Article 12(2) of the Rome Convention.

     
  • 66. 
    Cases C-369/96 and C-376/96
     
  • 67. 
    This is the international public policy exception, to which Article 22 is devoted.

     
  • 68. 
    Paragraph 31 of the judgment states that 'The fact that national rules are categorised as public-order legislation does not mean that they are exempt from compliance with the provisions of the Treaty' and that 'The considerations underlying such national legislation can be taken into account by Community law only in terms of the exceptions to Community freedoms expressly provided for by the Treaty and, where appropriate, on the ground that they constitute overriding reasons relating to the public interest'.

     
  • 69. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 70. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 71. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 72. 
    OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.

     
  • 73. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 74. 
    Case C-38/98 Renault v Maxicar
     
  • 75. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 76. 
    OJ C
     
  • 77. 
    OJ C
     
  • 78. 
    Opinion of the European Parliament of
     
  • 79. 
    Action Plan of the Council and the Commission on how best to implement the provisions of the Treaty of Amsterdam on an area of freedom, security and justice: OJ C 19, 23.1.1999.

     
  • 80. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 81. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 82. 
    OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 83. 
    The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.

     
  • 84. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 85. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 86. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 87. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 88. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 89. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 90. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 91. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 92. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 93. 
    The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.

     
  • 94. 
    Project No GR/97/051.

     
  • 95. 
    OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.

     
  • 96. 
    Project No GR/97/051.

     
  • 97. 
    Accessible at www.drt.ucl.ac.be/gedip/ gedip_documents.html.

     
  • 98. 
    OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.

     
  • 99. 
    The contributions received by the Commission can be consulted at: europa.eu.int/comm/justice_home/ news/consulting_public/rome_ii/news_summary_rome2_en.htm.

     
  • 100. 
    See the decision of the Court of Justice in the following notes as regards the account to be taken of this spreading of factors for the international jurisdiction of the courts.

     
  • 101. 
    There are more than fifteen national systems because the United Kingdom does not have a unitary system.

     
  • 102. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 103. 
    Case 21/76 Mines de Potasse d' Alsace
     
  • 104. 
    OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.

     
  • 105. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 8.

     
  • 106. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 107. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 108. 
    Case 34/82 Martin Peters
     
  • 109. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 110. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 111. 
    Report on the Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations, OJ C 282, 31.10.1980, p. 1.

     
  • 112. 
    Article 2(1).

     
  • 113. 
    Article 22.

     
  • 114. 
    Article 23.

     
  • 115. 
    Article 24.

     
  • 116. 
    Article 27.

     
  • 117. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 118. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 119. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 120. 
    Case C-364/93 Marinari v Lloyds Bank
     
  • 121. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 122. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 123. 
    OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.

     
  • 124. 
    Cf. point 3.2.5 of the Green Paper on converting the Convention of Rome of 1980 on the law applicable to contractual obligations into a Community instrument and its modernisation.

     
  • 125. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 126. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 127. 
    Council Directive 85/374/EEC of 25.7.1985 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning liability for defective products (OJ L 210, 7.8.1985, p. 29), as amended by Directive 1999/34/EC of 10 May 1999 (OJ L 141, 4.6.1999, p. 20).

     
  • 128. 
    Such a case might be a German tourist buying French-made goods in Rome airport to take to an African country, where they explode and cause him to sustain damage.

     
  • 129. 
    Finland, France, Luxembourg the Netherlands and Spain. The convention is also in force in Norway, Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia and Yugoslavia.

     
  • 130. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 131. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 132. 
    Directive 85/374, Article 3(2).

     
  • 133. 
    Parliament and Council Directive 98/27/EC of 19 May 1998 on injunctions for the protection of consumers' interests: OJ L 166, 11.6.1998, p. 51.

     
  • 134. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 135. 
    Case C-167/2000 Henkel (judgment given on 1.10.2002).

     
  • 136. 
    Resolution passed at the Amsterdam congress in October 1992, published in the Revue internationale de la concurrence 1992 (No 168), p. 51, this Resolution having also called for an effort to harmonise the substantive rules here.

     
  • 137. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 138. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 139. 
    Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland (doctrine of the 'proper law of the tort'), Netherlands, Spain and Sweden.

     
  • 140. 
    Some academic writers in England doubt, however, whether invasions of privacy are also covered by this rule.

     
  • 141. 
    Case C 68/93 Fiona Shevill and others v Press Alliance SA
     
  • 142. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 143. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 144. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 145. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 146. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 147. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 148. 
    OJ C 337 E, 28.11.2000, p. 78.

     
  • 149. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 150. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 151. 
    Examples include section 6 of the Dutch Act of 11 April 2001 and section 42 of the German EGBGB.

     
  • 152. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 153. 
    It goes without saying that the law governing the injured party's succession applies to the determination of the heirs, this being a preliminary to the main action.

     
  • 154. 
    Article 12(2) of the Rome Convention.

     
  • 155. 
    Cases C-369/96 and C-376/96
     
  • 156. 
    This is the international public policy exception, to which Article 22 is devoted.

     
  • 157. 
    Paragraph 31 of the judgment states that 'The fact that national rules are categorised as public-order legislation does not mean that they are exempt from compliance with the provisions of the Treaty' and that 'The considerations underlying such national legislation can be taken into account by Community law only in terms of the exceptions to Community freedoms expressly provided for by the Treaty and, where appropriate, on the ground that they constitute overriding reasons relating to the public interest'.

     
  • 158. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 159. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 160. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 161. 
    OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.

     
  • 162. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 163. 
    Case C-38/98 Renault v Maxicar
     
  • 164. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 165. 
    OJ C
     
  • 166. 
    OJ C
     
  • 167. 
    Opinion of the European Parliament of
     
  • 168. 
    Action Plan of the Council and the Commission on how best to implement the provisions of the Treaty of Amsterdam on an area of freedom, security and justice: OJ C 19, 23.1.1999.

     
  • 169. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 170. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 171. 
    OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 172. 
    The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.

     
  • 173. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 174. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 175. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 176. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.

     
  • 177. 
    Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.

     
  • 178. 
    OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.

     
  • 179. 
    Deze databank van de Europese Unie biedt de mogelijkheid de actuele werkzaamheden (workflow) van de Europese instellingen (Europees Parlement, Raad, ESC, Comité van de Regio's, Europese Centrale Bank, Hof van Justitie enz.) te volgen. EURlex volgt alle voorstellen (zoals wetgevende en begrotingsdossiers) en mededelingen van de Commissie, vanaf het moment dat ze aan de Raad of het Europees Parlement worden voorgelegd.
     
  • 180. 
    EUR-lex provides an overview of the proposal, amendments, citations and legality.