SEC(2007)771 - Analysis of the competitiveness of the non-energy extractive industry in the EU
Please note
This page contains a limited version of this dossier in the EU Monitor.
official title
Commission staff working document - Analysis of the competitiveness of the non-energy extractive industry in the EU| Legal instrument | Working paper |
|---|---|
| Decision making procedure | Own-initiative procedure (INI) |
| reference by COM-number277 | SEC(2007)771  |
| Additional COM-numbers | SEC(2007)771 |
| procedure number279 | 2007/2257(INI) |
| CELEX number280 | 52007SC0771 |
| Document | 04-06-2007 |
|---|---|
| Online publication | 04-06-2007 |
This page is also available in a full version containing the latest state of affairs, the legal context, other dossiers related to the dossier at hand, the stakeholders involved (e.g. European Commission directorates-general, European Parliament committees, Council configurations and even individual EU Commissioners and Members of the European Parliament) and finally documents of the European Parliament, the Council of Ministers and the European Commission.
The full version is available for registered users of the EU Monitor by ANP and PDC Informatie Architectuur.
The EU Monitor enables its users to keep track of the European process of lawmaking, focusing on the relevant dossiers. It automatically signals developments in your chosen topics of interest. Apologies to unregistered users, we can no longer add new users.This service will discontinue in the near future.
- 1.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 2.E.g. the European Economic and Social Committee, the non-energy extractive industry panel, EuroGeoSurveys and the UNICE.
- 3.Communication on
- 4.Further details on the
- 5.Via EuroGeoSurveys.
- 6.In cooperation with the Association of Mining and Steel (Vienna) and the national committees for organising the World Mining Congresses.
- 7.This may answer the concerns of some representatives of the industry that the national figures are inaccurate because many of their members are not asked to provide data by the national authorities.
- 8.E.g. Handbook of World Mineral Trade Statistics.
- 9.The terms
- 10.The actual number of minerals worked is higher as
- 11.NACE (Nomenclature statistique des Activités économiques dans la Communauté Européenne).
- 12.The often small number of companies extracting particular minerals in some Member States means that Eurostat is sometimes unable to present data at these lower levels of aggregation to protect commercial confidentiality. However, the confidential figures are usually included in the
- 13.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069.
- 14.Internal working paper on the competitiveness of the EU ceramics industry. DG Enterprise and Industry.
- 15.The UK Government guidance recommends providing new cement works with a permitted reserve of minerals of at least 25 years (MPG10
- 16.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069
- 17.EuroGeoSurveys
- 18.Crushed rock plus sand and gravel.
- 19.However, in the Netherlands and adjoining parts of Flanders, due to the relatively limited aggregate reserves and the availability of navigable rivers and canals, the usual situation in this market is transport by barge over somewhat longer distances. Similarly, highly populated cities such as London and Paris obtain much of their aggregates supply from more distant sites, from which it is transported by river or rail.
- 20.The Almaden mine in Spain which accounted for most of the
- 21.Crowson, P. (2003).
- 22.Data provided by the German Geological Survey (BGR) put the area of land in Germany used by the non-energy extractive industry in 2001 at 16.2 km2, equivalent to 0.005% of the total land area (direct communication). This relates to the area required to produce minerals in 2001, and not the total footprint of the industry.
- 23.
- 25.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 26.See footnote 26 for reference.
- 27.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 28.Some of the information taken from the Leoben University report has been revised in response to specific comments from national authorities.
- 29.OJ L 348, 28.11.1992, p. 9.
- 30.OJ L 404, 31.12.1992, p. 10.
- 31.UEPG figures.
- 32.UEPG (2005) Annual Report.
- 33.In the form of concrete or other products.
- 34.Lafarge Granulats (2005).
- 35.Comprising 39.5% sand and gravel, 29% igneous rock, 26% limestone, 4% recycled aggregates and 1.5% marine aggregates.
- 36.Finnish aggregates producers. Direct communication.
- 37.The UEPG reports estimates by Euroconstruct which predict that in the years ahead the housing repair and maintenance markets will be the strongest segment for the industry, with a gradual slowdown in new house-building and civil engineering work.
- 38.The original source and accuracy of these data are not known.
- 39.Eurogypsum
- 40.Rolf Hüller (2004).
- 41.
- 44.Euroroc
- 45.Mike
- 46.Source: Bloodworth et al. (2004).
- 47.Included as an industrial mineral here.
- 48.FAO statistics.
- 49.See World Mining Data 2006 for a full list of countries included in each category:www.bmwa.gv.at/NR/rdonlyres
- 50.Eurostat.
- 51.EuroGeoSurveys
- 52.The USGS defines reserves as the recoverable materials in the reserve base that can be economically extracted or produced at the time of determination, where the reserve base is the in-place demonstrated (measured plus indicated) resource from which reserves are estimated, including those resources that are currently economic (reserves), marginally economic (marginal reserves) and some that are currently sub-economic (sub-economic reserves).
- 54.EuroGeoSurveys.
- 55.After Christmann P.
- 56.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 57.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 58.EuroGeoSurveys.
- 59.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069. See footnote 16 for full reference.
- 60.An enterprise is defined as
- 61.Source: Ministry for Transport, Public Works and Water Management. An additional 62 million tonnes of sand for fill is excavated from the Dutch part of the continental shelf.
- 62.Euromines. Annual Report 2004.
- 63.ETP-SMR Strategic Research Agenda: www.etpsmr.org/contents/downloadable-documents%20Download%20Area/SRA_03.2006.pdf.
- 64.Industrial Minerals Magazine, January 2007.
- 65.UEPG
- 66.Note: these figures relate to the difference between the figures for 1999 and 2004 and take no account of the values in intervening years. Where the trend is non-linear, as is the case, for example, with the UK and Germany (see Figure 5.3), comparing different base years would result in very different percentages.
- 67.Except for Greece, Poland, Portugal and Slovenia for which no data are available.
- 68.Australian Bureau of Statistics: -->
- 70.
- 71.The 2002 EU figure for value added by metal mining was unavailable, so the average of the figures for 2001 and 2003 was used as an approximation in the graph.
- 72.Canadian Minerals Yearbook.
- 73.Eurostat. Statistics in Focus, Industry, trade and services. The non-energy mining and quarrying industry in the EU.
- 74.Gross operating surplus over turnover
- 75.Wage-adjusted labour productivity = value added/personnel
- 76.European Commission (2005): EU sectoral competitiveness indicators. Luxembourg.
- 77.Crowson, P. (2003). See footnote 25 for full reference.
- 78.Frazer Institute Annual Survey of Mining Companies 2005/2006. pdac.ca/pdac/misc/060322-fraser-institute-full%20survey.pdf.
- 79.Other jurisdictions included 12 States in Canada, 14 in the USA and 8 in Australia, 9 African countries, 8 Latin American countries, China, India, Russia and Turkey.
- 80.Data sources: Leoben University (2004); Land Use Consultants (1995); the Austrian Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Labour; The Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources, Ireland; UEPG; and EuroGeoSurveys (Slovakia).
- 81.Mercer (2003). Paper to 4th Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining Conference, 2003.
- 82.Dimmell, P. M. (2005).
- 83.Source: EuroGeoSurveys.
- 84.Industrial Minerals Association
- 85.
- 87.Steinhage, M.
- 88.Lafarge data, cited from JP Morgan, Global Equity Research (Building Materials Sector), August 2005.
- 89.Minecost.com.
- 90.The very low costs (per tonne of ore milled) indicated in Figure 5.23 for copper production in the USA are thought to reflect the dominance of reworking of spoil tips at the sites included in the assessment. As the costs are expressed in
- 91.US Department of Energy.
- 92.Eurostat. Statistics in Focus, Industry, trade and services. The non-energy mining and quarrying industry in the EU.
- 93.DG Enterprise and Industry data.
- 94.IMA
- 95.Taken from Industrial Minerals, August 2006.
- 96.Details have been withheld at the request of the provider.
- 97.Directive 2003/87/EC of 25 October 2003.
- 98.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069:
- 99.Study by the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN):
- 100.The scheme also applies to other furnaces with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day.
- 101.Leoben University report
- 102.Prof. Wagner
- 103.Department of Transport (2004).
- 104.Bloodworth, A.J. et.al. (2004).
- 105.Council Directive 79/409/EEC of 25 April 1979 on the conservation of wild birds.
- 106.Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 22 July 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora.
- 107.This analysis was restricted to Sites of Community Interest under the Habitats Directive.
- 108.The species concerned is maintaining itself on a long-term basis as a viable component of its natural habitats, its natural range is neither being reduced nor is likely to be reduced for the foreseeable future and there is a sufficiently large habitat to maintain its population on a long-term basis (Article 1(h)(i)).
- 109.C-371/98, First Corporate Shipping Ltd, November 2000.
- 110.ECJ cases against Ireland (C-67/99), Germany (C-71/99) and France (C-220/99).
- 111.Report from the Commission on implementation of the Directive (COM(2003) 845 final).
- 112.An SCI must be designated as an SAC
- 113.However, the point has been made that the term
- 114.There is potential for overlap, as identified in a report for the Commission
- 115.COM(2000) 664.
- 116.A number of operators have indicated that some Member States are already applying the general requirements of the Directive and the BAT guidance to new sites.
- 117.Direct communication.
- 118.Rotary kilns with a production capacity exceeding 500 tonnes per day of cement clinker or 50 tonnes of lime or other types of furnace with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day.
- 119.With a production capacity exceeding 75 tonnes per day and/or with a kiln capacity exceeding 4 m3 and with a setting density per kiln exceeding 300 kg/m3.
- 120.Report by the Commission on the implementation of Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control (COM(2005) 540 final).
- 121.See footnote 26.
- 122.This recommendation was included in the general text, rather than as a main recommendation.
- 123.
- 124.
- 125.Eurostat (2002). European social statistics. Accidents at work and work-related health problems. Data 1994-2000.
- 126.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069.
- 127.Euromines.
- 128.See, for example, the Strategic Research Agenda of the Technology Platform.
- 129.Raw Materials Data (direct communication).
- 130.Direct communication.
- 131.See footnote 3.
- 132.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069. See footnote 16.
- 133.See Section 3.2.3.
- 134.Euromines.
- 135.However, as extraction and processing technology develops, lower grades of minerals can increasingly be economically developed.
- 137.
- 138.Frazer Institute Annual Survey of Mining Companies 2005/2006. pdac.ca/pdac/misc/060322-fraser-institute-full%20survey.pdf.
- 139.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 140.E.g. the European Economic and Social Committee, the non-energy extractive industry panel, EuroGeoSurveys and the UNICE.
- 141.Communication on
- 142.Further details on the
- 143.Via EuroGeoSurveys.
- 144.In cooperation with the Association of Mining and Steel (Vienna) and the national committees for organising the World Mining Congresses.
- 145.This may answer the concerns of some representatives of the industry that the national figures are inaccurate because many of their members are not asked to provide data by the national authorities.
- 146.E.g. Handbook of World Mineral Trade Statistics.
- 147.The terms
- 148.The actual number of minerals worked is higher as
- 149.NACE (Nomenclature statistique des Activités économiques dans la Communauté Européenne).
- 150.The often small number of companies extracting particular minerals in some Member States means that Eurostat is sometimes unable to present data at these lower levels of aggregation to protect commercial confidentiality. However, the confidential figures are usually included in the
- 151.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069.
- 152.Internal working paper on the competitiveness of the EU ceramics industry. DG Enterprise and Industry.
- 153.The UK Government guidance recommends providing new cement works with a permitted reserve of minerals of at least 25 years (MPG10
- 154.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069
- 155.EuroGeoSurveys
- 156.Crushed rock plus sand and gravel.
- 157.However, in the Netherlands and adjoining parts of Flanders, due to the relatively limited aggregate reserves and the availability of navigable rivers and canals, the usual situation in this market is transport by barge over somewhat longer distances. Similarly, highly populated cities such as London and Paris obtain much of their aggregates supply from more distant sites, from which it is transported by river or rail.
- 158.The Almaden mine in Spain which accounted for most of the
- 159.Crowson, P. (2003).
- 160.Data provided by the German Geological Survey (BGR) put the area of land in Germany used by the non-energy extractive industry in 2001 at 16.2 km2, equivalent to 0.005% of the total land area (direct communication). This relates to the area required to produce minerals in 2001, and not the total footprint of the industry.
- 161.
- 163.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 164.See footnote 26 for reference.
- 165.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 166.Some of the information taken from the Leoben University report has been revised in response to specific comments from national authorities.
- 167.OJ L 348, 28.11.1992, p. 9.
- 168.OJ L 404, 31.12.1992, p. 10.
- 169.UEPG figures.
- 170.UEPG (2005) Annual Report.
- 171.In the form of concrete or other products.
- 172.Lafarge Granulats (2005).
- 173.Comprising 39.5% sand and gravel, 29% igneous rock, 26% limestone, 4% recycled aggregates and 1.5% marine aggregates.
- 174.Finnish aggregates producers. Direct communication.
- 175.The UEPG reports estimates by Euroconstruct which predict that in the years ahead the housing repair and maintenance markets will be the strongest segment for the industry, with a gradual slowdown in new house-building and civil engineering work.
- 176.The original source and accuracy of these data are not known.
- 177.Eurogypsum
- 178.Rolf Hüller (2004).
- 179.
- 181.
- 182.Euroroc
- 183.Mike
- 184.Source: Bloodworth et al. (2004).
- 185.Included as an industrial mineral here.
- 186.FAO statistics.
- 187.See World Mining Data 2006 for a full list of countries included in each category:www.bmwa.gv.at/NR/rdonlyres
- 188.Eurostat.
- 189.EuroGeoSurveys
- 190.The USGS defines reserves as the recoverable materials in the reserve base that can be economically extracted or produced at the time of determination, where the reserve base is the in-place demonstrated (measured plus indicated) resource from which reserves are estimated, including those resources that are currently economic (reserves), marginally economic (marginal reserves) and some that are currently sub-economic (sub-economic reserves).
- 192.EuroGeoSurveys.
- 193.After Christmann P.
- 194.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 195.These terms are explained in Section 2.
- 196.EuroGeoSurveys.
- 197.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069. See footnote 16 for full reference.
- 198.An enterprise is defined as
- 199.Source: Ministry for Transport, Public Works and Water Management. An additional 62 million tonnes of sand for fill is excavated from the Dutch part of the continental shelf.
- 200.Euromines. Annual Report 2004.
- 201.ETP-SMR Strategic Research Agenda: www.etpsmr.org/contents/downloadable-documents%20Download%20Area/SRA_03.2006.pdf.
- 202.Industrial Minerals Magazine, January 2007.
- 203.UEPG
- 204.Note: these figures relate to the difference between the figures for 1999 and 2004 and take no account of the values in intervening years. Where the trend is non-linear, as is the case, for example, with the UK and Germany (see Figure 5.3), comparing different base years would result in very different percentages.
- 205.Except for Greece, Poland, Portugal and Slovenia for which no data are available.
- 206.Australian Bureau of Statistics: -->
- 208.
- 209.The 2002 EU figure for value added by metal mining was unavailable, so the average of the figures for 2001 and 2003 was used as an approximation in the graph.
- 210.Canadian Minerals Yearbook.
- 211.Eurostat. Statistics in Focus, Industry, trade and services. The non-energy mining and quarrying industry in the EU.
- 212.Gross operating surplus over turnover
- 213.Wage-adjusted labour productivity = value added/personnel
- 214.European Commission (2005): EU sectoral competitiveness indicators. Luxembourg.
- 215.Crowson, P. (2003). See footnote 25 for full reference.
- 216.Frazer Institute Annual Survey of Mining Companies 2005/2006. pdac.ca/pdac/misc/060322-fraser-institute-full%20survey.pdf.
- 217.Other jurisdictions included 12 States in Canada, 14 in the USA and 8 in Australia, 9 African countries, 8 Latin American countries, China, India, Russia and Turkey.
- 218.Data sources: Leoben University (2004); Land Use Consultants (1995); the Austrian Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Labour; The Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources, Ireland; UEPG; and EuroGeoSurveys (Slovakia).
- 219.Mercer (2003). Paper to 4th Fennoscandian Exploration and Mining Conference, 2003.
- 220.Dimmell, P. M. (2005).
- 221.Source: EuroGeoSurveys.
- 222.Industrial Minerals Association
- 223.
- 225.Steinhage, M.
- 226.Lafarge data, cited from JP Morgan, Global Equity Research (Building Materials Sector), August 2005.
- 227.Minecost.com.
- 228.The very low costs (per tonne of ore milled) indicated in Figure 5.23 for copper production in the USA are thought to reflect the dominance of reworking of spoil tips at the sites included in the assessment. As the costs are expressed in
- 229.US Department of Energy.
- 230.Eurostat. Statistics in Focus, Industry, trade and services. The non-energy mining and quarrying industry in the EU.
- 231.DG Enterprise and Industry data.
- 232.IMA
- 233.Taken from Industrial Minerals, August 2006.
- 234.Details have been withheld at the request of the provider.
- 235.Directive 2003/87/EC of 25 October 2003.
- 236.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069:
- 237.Study by the Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN):
- 238.The scheme also applies to other furnaces with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day.
- 239.Leoben University report
- 240.Prof. Wagner
- 241.Department of Transport (2004).
- 242.Bloodworth, A.J. et.al. (2004).
- 243.Council Directive 79/409/EEC of 25 April 1979 on the conservation of wild birds.
- 244.Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 22 July 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora.
- 245.This analysis was restricted to Sites of Community Interest under the Habitats Directive.
- 246.The species concerned is maintaining itself on a long-term basis as a viable component of its natural habitats, its natural range is neither being reduced nor is likely to be reduced for the foreseeable future and there is a sufficiently large habitat to maintain its population on a long-term basis (Article 1(h)(i)).
- 247.C-371/98, First Corporate Shipping Ltd, November 2000.
- 248.ECJ cases against Ireland (C-67/99), Germany (C-71/99) and France (C-220/99).
- 249.Report from the Commission on implementation of the Directive (COM(2003) 845 final).
- 250.An SCI must be designated as an SAC
- 251.However, the point has been made that the term
- 252.There is potential for overlap, as identified in a report for the Commission
- 253.COM(2000) 664.
- 254.A number of operators have indicated that some Member States are already applying the general requirements of the Directive and the BAT guidance to new sites.
- 255.Direct communication.
- 256.Rotary kilns with a production capacity exceeding 500 tonnes per day of cement clinker or 50 tonnes of lime or other types of furnace with a production capacity exceeding 50 tonnes per day.
- 257.With a production capacity exceeding 75 tonnes per day and/or with a kiln capacity exceeding 4 m3 and with a setting density per kiln exceeding 300 kg/m3.
- 258.Report by the Commission on the implementation of Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control (COM(2005) 540 final).
- 259.See footnote 26.
- 260.This recommendation was included in the general text, rather than as a main recommendation.
- 261.
- 262.
- 263.Eurostat (2002). European social statistics. Accidents at work and work-related health problems. Data 1994-2000.
- 264.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069.
- 265.Euromines.
- 266.See, for example, the Strategic Research Agenda of the Technology Platform.
- 267.Raw Materials Data (direct communication).
- 268.Direct communication.
- 269.See footnote 3.
- 270.Commission Staff Working Document SEC (2006) 1069. See footnote 16.
- 271.See Section 3.2.3.
- 272.Euromines.
- 273.However, as extraction and processing technology develops, lower grades of minerals can increasingly be economically developed.
- 275.
- 276.Frazer Institute Annual Survey of Mining Companies 2005/2006. pdac.ca/pdac/misc/060322-fraser-institute-full%20survey.pdf.
- 277.De Europese Commissie kent nummers toe aan officiële documenten van de Europese Unie. De Commissie maakt onderscheid in een aantal typen documenten door middel van het toekennen van verschillende nummerseries. Het onderscheid is gebaseerd op het soort document en/of de instelling van de Unie van wie het document afkomstig is.
- 278.De Raad van de Europese Unie kent aan wetgevingsdossiers een uniek toe. Dit nummer bestaat uit een vijfcijferig volgnummer gevolgd door een schuine streep met de laatste twee cijfers van het jaartal, bijvoorbeeld 12345/00 - een document met nummer 12345 uit het jaar 2000.
- 279.Het interinstitutionele nummer is een nummerreeks die binnen de Europese Unie toegekend wordt aan voorstellen voor regelgeving van de Europese Commissie.
Binnen de Europese Unie worden nog een aantal andere nummerseries gebruikt. Iedere instelling heeft één of meerdere sets documenten met ieder een eigen nummering. Die reeksen komen niet overeen met elkaar of het interinstitutioneel nummer.
- 280.Deze databank van de Europese Unie biedt de mogelijkheid de actuele werkzaamheden (workflow) van de Europese instellingen (Europees Parlement, Raad, ESC, Comité van de Regio's, Europese Centrale Bank, Hof van Justitie enz.) te volgen. EURlex volgt alle voorstellen (zoals wetgevende en begrotingsdossiers) en mededelingen van de Commissie, vanaf het moment dat ze aan de Raad of het Europees Parlement worden voorgelegd.
- 281.Als dag van bekendmaking van een Europees besluit geldt de dag waarop het besluit in het Publicatieblad wordt bekendgemaakt, en daardoor in alle officiële talen van de Europese Unie bij het Publicatiebureau beschikbaar is.