SEC(2005)805 - Report on Competition Policy 2004

official title

 

Legal instrument	Report
Decision making procedure	Own-initiative procedure (INI)
reference by COM-number1022	SEC(2005)805
Additional COM-numbers	SEC(2005)805
procedure number1024	2005/2209(INI)
CELEX number1025	52005SC0805

This page is also available in a full version containing the latest state of affairs, the summary of the European Parliament Legislative Observatory, the legal context, other dossiers related to the dossier at hand, the stakeholders involved (e.g. European Commission directorates-general, European Parliament committees, Council configurations and even individual EU Commissioners and Members of the European Parliament) and finally documents of the European Parliament, the Council of Ministers and the European Commission.

• 1. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 2. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 3. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 4. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 5. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 6. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 7. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 8. 

  Available from the Council register at register.consilium.eu.int (document No 15435/02 ADD 1).
  
   
• 9. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 10. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 11. 

  A list of national authorities which have signed the Statement regarding the Commission Notice on Cooperation within the Network of Competition Authorities can be found on the
   
• 12. 

  Commission Notice on the cooperation between the Commission and the courts of the EU Member States in the application of Articles 81 and 82 EC (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 13. 

  Commission Notice on the handling of complaints by the Commission under Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 14. 

  Commission Notice on informal guidance relating to novel questions concerning Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty that arise in individual cases (guidance letters) (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 15. 

  Guidelines on the effect on trade concept contained in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ C 101, 27. 4.2004).
  
   
• 16. 

  Guidelines on the application of Article 81(3) of the EC Treaty (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 17. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 18. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 19. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 20. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 21. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 772/2004 on the application of Article 81(3) of the Treaty to categories of technology transfer agreements (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 22. 

  Guidelines on the application of Article 81 of the EC Treaty to technology transfer agreements (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004). The TTBER and guidelines are also available at: -->
   
• 23. 

  Over 70 submissions were received from industry and trade associations, law and IP societies, individual law firms, national authorities, individual companies, universities and consultants.
  
   
• 24. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 240/96 of 31 January 1996 on the application of Article 81(3) of the EC Treaty to certain categories of technology transfer agreements (OJ L 31, 9.2.1996). For an evaluation of this Regulation, see the
   
• 25. 

  The previous 1996 Regulation contained white and grey lists.
  
   
• 26. 

  Council Regulation No 19/65/EEC, the enabling Regulation, only allows adoption of block exemption Regulations for transfer of technology agreements between two parties and concerning industrial property rights.
  
   
• 27. 

  The market share on the technology market is also based on the product market in that it is defined in terms of the market share of products produced with the licensed technology. For the market share calculation, sales value data for the preceding calendar year are normally to be used. A two-year grace period is provided for in case the relevant threshold is exceeded.
  
   
• 28. 

  This concerns in particular obligations on the licensee to exclusively grant back or assign severable improvements to or new applications of the licensed technology and no-challenge clauses.
  
   
• 29. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 30. 

  The TTBER now covers a number of commonly used restrictions such as: field of use restrictions, active and passive sale restrictions between licensor and licensee to protect their exclusive territories, and captive use restrictions.
  
   
• 31. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 32. 

  i.e., arrangements whereby two or more parties assemble a package of technology which is licensed not only to contributors to the pool but also to third parties.
  
   
• 33. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 34. 

  White Paper on the review of Regulation (EEC) No 4056/86 applying the EC competition rules to maritime transport, COM(2004) 675 final. See also Commission press release IP/04/1213.
  
   
• 35. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 36. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 37. 

  For the consultation document and replies received by the Commission, see: -->
   
• 38. 

  OJ C 319, 23.12.2004.
  
   
• 39. 

  OJ L 68, 6.3.2004. See also press release IP/04/272.
  
   
• 40. 

  Council Regulation (EEC) No 3975/87 laying down the procedure for the application of the EC competition rules in the air transport sector and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3976/87 on the application of Article 85(3) of the Treaty to certain categories of agreements and concerted practices in the air transport sector.
  
   
• 41. 

  See Joined Cases 209-213/84 Nouvelles Frontières
   
• 42. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 43. 

  Regulation No 1/2003 (antitrust), Regulation No 139/2004 (mergers) and the respective implementing Regulations (Regulations No 773/2004 and No 802/2004) provide that access to the file must be arranged in all cases involving decisions on the basis of Articles 7, 8, 23 and 24(2) of Regulation No 1/2003 and Articles 6(3), 7(3), 8(2) to (6), 14 and 15 of the Merger Regulation.
  
   
• 44. 

  The right of access to the file in antitrust and merger proceedings is distinct from the general right of access to documents under Regulation No 1049/2001, which is subject to different criteria and pursues a different purpose.
  
   
• 45. 

  Commission notice on the internal rules of procedure for processing requests for access to the file in cases under Articles 85 and 86
   
• 46. 

  Commission practice has evolved owing to new and unprecedented situations, such as very high numbers of parties involved in proceedings, but also with a view to enhancing efficiency in the provision of access to the file through new technological means.
  
   
• 47. 

  Notably in the
   
• 48. 

  Commission Decision of 23 May 2001 on the terms of reference of the Hearing Officer (OJ L 162, 19.6.2001).
  
   
• 49. 

  Draft Commission Notice on the rules for access to the Commission file in cases pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty and Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (OJ C 259, 21.10.2004). Available at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/general_info
  
   
• 50. 

  Cewal existed between the beginning of the 1970s and the mid-1990s. It was made up of shipping companies operating a regular liner service between the ports of Zaïre and Angola and those of the North Sea, with the exception of the United Kingdom. Cewal's secretariat was in Antwerp.
  
   
• 51. 

  Commission Decision 93/82/EEC of 23 December 1992 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Articles 85 (IV/32.448 and IV/32.450: Cewal, Cowac and Ukwal) and 86 (IV/32.448 and IV/32.450: Cewal) of the EEC Treaty (OJ L 34, 10.2.1993).. The original fine of ECU 9.6 million imposed on CMB by the Commission was reduced by the Court of First Instance to 8.64 million by judgment in Joined Cases T-24/93, T-25/93, T-26/93 and T-28/93 CMB and Others
   
• 52. 

  Judgment in Joined Cases C-395/96 P CMB, CMBT and C-396/96 P Dafra-Lines
   
• 53. 

  Regulation 2988/74 concerning limitation periods in proceedings relating to transport and competition contains an interruptable limitation period of five years and an overall limitation period of ten years for the imposition of a fine. These limitation periods had not expired as they had been suspended during the court proceedings.
  
   
• 54. 

  COMP/38.096.
  
   
• 55. 

  Securities clearing and settlement are necessary steps for a securities trade to be completed. Clearing is the process by which the contractual obligations of the buyer and the seller are established. Settlement is the transfer of securities from the seller to the buyer and the transfer of funds from the buyer to the seller.
  
   
• 56. 

  Central Securities Depositories hold securities and enable securities transactions to be processed through book entry. In its home country, the Central Securities Depository provides processing services for trades involving those securities that it holds in final custody. It can also offer processing services as an intermediary in cross-border clearing and settlement, where the primary deposit of securities is in another country.
  
   
• 57. 

  The most widely internationally-traded German shares (blue chip shares such as Daimler Chrysler, Siemens, Allianz, Deutsche Post, Deutsche Telekom, Deutsche Bank, Lufthansa and others) are registered shares, as opposed to bearer shares.
  
   
• 58. 

  Case COMP/37.792 available at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/antitrust/cases
  
   
• 59. 

  Microsoft held around 95% of this market.
  
   
• 60. 

  This fine amounted to 1.62% of
   
• 61. 

  Case T-201/04.
  
   
• 62. 

  Case T-201/04R.
  
   
• 63. 

  Hearings on the application for interim measures were held on 30 September 2004 and 1 October 2004.
  
   
• 64. 

  See below under Section I.C.
  
   
• 65. 

  See the
   
• 66. 

  Fee which competitors have to pay to Deutsche Telekom for shared access to its local loops.
  
   
• 67. 

  Press release IP/04/994.
  
   
• 68. 

  COMP/37.409. See press release IP/04/574, 30.4.2004.
  
   
• 69. 

  COMP/A.36.568.
  
   
• 70. 

  COMP/A.36.570.
  
   
• 71. 

  Non-confidential versions of the decisions were published on DG
   
• 72. 

  The decisions are based on the test developed by the Court of Justice in Case 27/76 United Brands v Commission
   
• 73. 

  COMP/37.704
   
• 74. 

  COMP/37.663
   
• 75. 

  See below for summaries of the individual decisions.
  
   
• 76. 

  Notice on immunity from fines and reduction of fines in cartel cases (OJ C 45, 19.2.2002).
  
   
• 77. 

  The application for leniency must have reached the Commission after 19 February 2002 for the new notice to apply.
  
   
• 78. 

  See above point 1.
  
   
• 79. 

  Article 21 of the Regulation.
  
   
• 80. 

  Article 20 of the Regulation.
  
   
• 81. 

  Article 19 of the Regulation.
  
   
• 82. 

  Case C-7/04 P (R). For more details, see below under court cases.
  
   
• 83. 

  Joined Cases T-125/03 R and T-253/03 R Akzo Nobel Chemicals Ltd and Akcros. See also 2003 Competition Report, point 33.
  
   
• 84. 

  The main case on this question was pending before the Court at the end of the year.
  
   
• 85. 

  See Case 155/79 AM
   
• 86. 

  COMP/38.069.
  
   
• 87. 

  COMP/36.756.
  
   
• 88. 

  See 2001 Competition Report, point 48.
  
   
• 89. 

  COMP/37.750 - Brasseries Kronenbourg, Brasseries Heineken.
  
   
• 90. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 91. 

  i.e. hotels, restaurants and cafes.
  
   
• 92. 

  COMP/38.238.
  
   
• 93. 

  COMP/38.338. See press release IP/04/1313, 26.10.2004.
  
   
• 94. 

  COMP/37.533.
  
   
• 95. 

  COMP/38.284.
  
   
• 96. 

  This decision has been challenged before the Court of First Instance by a third party (Case T-300/04).
  
   
• 97. 

  COMP/37.980 - Souris Bleue
   
• 98. 

  Press release IP/04/682, 26.5.2004.
  
   
• 99. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 100. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 101. 

  COMP/C-2/38.014 - IFPI
   
• 102. 

  Press release IP/04/586.
  
   
• 103. 

  COMP/38.549.
  
   
• 104. 

  Decision 93/438/EEC in Case IV/33.407
   
• 105. 

  In its first decision concerning tariffs of professional bodies, in 1993, the Commission condemned fixed tariffs without imposing a fine. In 1996, the Commission took a decision concerning the recommended tariffs of the association of Dutch forwarding agents, imposing a symbolic fine of EUR 1 000.
  
   
• 106. 

  COMP/38.662 - GDF-ENEL, GDF-ENI.
  
   
• 107. 

  See Article 27(4) publication in OJ C 299, 14.9.2004.
  
   
• 108. 

  A decision under Article 9 of Regulation 1/2003 was adopted in January 2005.
  
   
• 109. 

  COMP/38.173 and 38.453 (OJ C 115, 30.4.2004).
  
   
• 110. 

  OJ C 115, 30.4.2004.
  
   
• 111. 

  See below under court cases.
  
   
• 112. 

  COMP/38.427. See press release IP/04/2004, 26.10.2004.
  
   
• 113. 

  The term actually refers to the most favoured supplier principle used in the agreements.
  
   
• 114. 

  Press release IP/04/134, 30.1.2004.
  
   
• 115. 

  COMP/38.745, not yet published in the Official Journal.
  
   
• 116. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 117. 

  Notice from the Commission on the application of the competition rules to the postal sector and on the assessment of certain state measures relating to postal services (OJ C 39, 6.2.1998).
  
   
• 118. 

  Both Germany and DPAG have appealed against this decision: Cases T-490/04 and T-493/04.
  
   
• 119. 

  COMP/38.663 - UFEX.
  
   
• 120. 

  See above section I.A.I.
  
   
• 121. 

  COMP/39.116.
  
   
• 122. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 123. 

  Available from the Council register at register.consilium.eu.int (document No 15435/02 ADD 1).
  
   
• 124. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 125. 

  See point 6 of the Article 27(4) notice (OJ C 258, 20.10.2004).
  
   
• 126. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 127. 

  The non-confidential versions of the national judgments can be found at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/antitrust
  
   
• 128. 

  Regulation No 1/2003 (antitrust), Regulation No 139/2004 (mergers) and the respective implementing Regulations (Regulations No 773/2004 and No 802/2004) provide that access to the file must be arranged in all cases involving decisions on the basis of Articles 7, 8, 23 and 24(2) of Regulation No 1/2003 and Articles 6(3), 7(3), 8(2) to (6), 14 and 15 of the Merger Regulation.
  
   
• 129. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 130. 

  Further details on the cofinanced projects can be found on DG
   
• 131. 

  The calls for proposals for this training programme can be found on DG
   
• 132. 

  The report is avalible at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/publications/eca
  
   
• 133. 

  Joined Cases C-2/01 P Bundesverband der Arzneimittel-Importeure eV and Commission v Bayer and C-3/01 P Commission v Bayer, not yet reported.
  
   
• 134. 

  Judgment in Case T-41/96 Bayer
   
• 135. 

  Decision of 10 January 1996 in Case COMP/34.279 Adalat. This case concerned restrictions on parallel imports of pharmaceuticals and is named after the product manufactured by Bayer to which the proceedings related.
  
   
• 136. 

  Joined Cases C-204/00 P Aalborg Portland A/S, C-205/00 P Irish Cement Ltd, C-211/00 P Ciments français SA, C-213/00 P Italcementi - Fabbriche Riunite Cemento SpA, C-217/00 P Buzzi Unicem SpA and C-219/00 Cementir - Cementerie del Tirreno SpA, not yet reported.
  
   
• 137. 

  Decision of 30 November 1994 in Cases COMP/33.126 and COMP/33.322 - Cement.
  
   
• 138. 

  Judgment in Joined Cases T-25/95, T-26/95, T-30/95 to T-32/95, T-34/95 to T-39/95, T-42/95 to T-46/95, T-48/95, T-50/95 to T-65/95, T-68/95 to T-71/95, T-87/95, T-88/95, T-103/95 and T-104/95 Cimenteries CBR and Others
   
• 139. 

  Case C-240/02 Asempre and Others, not yet reported.
  
   
• 140. 

  OJ L 15, 21.1.1998.
  
   
• 141. 

  Self-provision consists (according to Recital 21 of the Directive) in the provision of postal services by the natural or legal person who is the originator of the mail, or collection and routing of these items by a third party acting solely on behalf of that person.
  
   
• 142. 

  Joined Cases T-236/01 Tokai Carbon Co. Ltd, T-239/01 SGL Carbon AG, T-244/01 Nippon Carbon Co. Ltd, T-245/01 Showa Denko KK, T-246/01 GrafTech International Ltd, T-251/01 SEC Corp and T-252/01 The Carbide/Graphite Group, Inc., not yet reported.
  
   
• 143. 

  Decision of 18 July 2001 in Case COMP/36.490 - Graphite electrodes.
  
   
• 144. 

  1998 guidelines on the method of setting fines (OJ C 9, 14.1.1998).
  
   
• 145. 

  The judgment has been appealed by the Comission (Case C-301/04 P) and several other parties, namely SGL (Case C-308/04 P), Showa Denko (Case 289/04 P) and SEC Corporation (Case C-307/04 P), decided by order of 24/11/2004).
  
   
• 146. 

  Cases T-44/00 Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG, T-48/00 Corus UK Ltd, T-50/00 Dalmine SpA and Joined Cases T-67/00, T-68/00, T-71/00 and T-78/00 JFE Engineering Corp., Nippon Steel Corp., JFE Steel Corp. and Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd, not yet reported.
  
   
• 147. 

  Decision of 8 December 1999 in Case COMP/35.860 B - Seamless steel tubes.
  
   
• 148. 

  Case C-7/04 P(R) Commission v Akzo Nobel Chemicals and Akcros Chemicals, not yet reported.
  
   
• 149. 

  Order of 30 October 2003 in Joined Cases T-125/03 R and T-253/03 R Akzo Nobel Chemicals Ltd and Akcros.
  
   
• 150. 

  The parties claimed five documents to be legally privileged. Commission inspectors considered that for two of them no position could be taken on the spot and placed them in a sealed envelope, which was taken back to the Commission. The other three documents were considered not to be covered by legal privilege under established case law and were copied and placed in the file. After the inspection, the Commission formally rejected the
   
• 151. 

  Cases T-44/02 Dresdner Bank AG, T-54/02 Vereins und Westbank AG, T-56/02 Bayrische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG, T-60/02 Deutsche Verkehrsbank AG, T-61/02 Commerzbank AG, not yet reported.
  
   
• 152. 

  Commission decision of 11 December 2001 in Case
   
• 153. 

  COMP/38.158 - Meca Medina and Majcen against the International Olympic Committee, -->
   
• 154. 

  Case T-313/02 Meca Medina and Majcen v Commission, -->
   
• 155. 

  Case C-470/02.
  
   
• 156. 

  Case T-185/00.
  
   
• 157. 

  Commission decision of 1 May 2000 in Case COMP/32.150 - EBU/Eurovision (OJ L 151, 24.6.2000).
  
   
• 158. 

  Cases T-201/04 (main action) and T-201/04 R (interim measures).
  
   
• 159. 

  See above point 36.
  
   
• 160. 

  For further details on the first year of application of these new provisions see Box 6 on the streamlined referrals system.
  
   
• 161. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 of 20 January 2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings (OJ L 24, 29.1.2004).
  
   
• 162. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 802/2004 of 7 April 2004 implementing Council Regulation (EC) No. 139/2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings (OJ L 133, 30.4.2004).
  
   
• 163. 

  Bringing the total number to one original and 35 copies of the Form CO.
  
   
• 164. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 165. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 166. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 167. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 168. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 169. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 170. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 171. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 172. 

  Point (d) has been added to the category of cases that qualify for Short Form notification. See below under
   
• 173. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 174. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 175. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 176. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 177. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 178. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 179. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 180. 

  See Article 6(1)(b), second subparagraph; Article 8(1), second subparagraph and (2), third subparagraph.
  
   
• 181. 

  Article 2(3) of the new Merger Regulation provides that
   
• 182. 

  The HHI, or Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, is an internationally recognised measure of market concentration. The HHI is calculated by summing the squares of the individual market shares of all the firms in the market. The index gives proportionately greater weight to the market shares of the larger firms, in line with their relative importance in the competitive process.
  
   
• 183. 

  COMP/M.2978.
  
   
• 184. 

  See the 2003 Competition Report.
  
   
• 185. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 186. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 187. 

  COMP/M.3333.
  
   
• 188. 

  See Article 26(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004.
  
   
• 189. 

  See Court of Justice, Joined Cases C-68/94 and C-30/95 France v Commission
   
• 190. 

  Case T-342/99 Airtours v Commission
   
• 191. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 192. 

  COMP/M.3099.
  
   
• 193. 

  COMP/M.3431.
  
   
• 194. 

  COMP/M.3436.
  
   
• 195. 

  COMP/M.3440.
  
   
• 196. 

  Combined cycle gas turbine.
  
   
• 197. 

  COMP/M.1378.
  
   
• 198. 

  COMP/M.3304.
  
   
• 199. 

  COMP/M.3314.
  
   
• 200. 

  COMP/M.3354.
  
   
• 201. 

  COMP/M.3396.
  
   
• 202. 

  COMP/M.3397.
  
   
• 203. 

  COMP/M.3420.
  
   
• 204. 

  COMP/M.3465.
  
   
• 205. 

  COMP/M.3506.
  
   
• 206. 

  COMP/M.3558.
  
   
• 207. 

  Judgments of 5.11.2002 in Cases C-475, 471, 467, 469, 476, 472, 468 and 466/98 against Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Luxembourg, Sweden and the United Kingdom, respectively.
  
   
• 208. 

  See notably the conclusions of the Transport Council of 5.6.2003 and Regulation (EC) No 847/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 195, 2.6.2004). In addition, as regards competition rules, the Council adopted on 26.2.2004 Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 amending the existing Regulations in the air transport sector and making Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 applicable to air transport between the EU and third countries.
  
   
• 209. 

  According to the Commission in paragraph 47 of its communication on the consequences of the Court judgments of 5.11.2002 for European air transport policy (COM/2002/0649 final), non-EU airlines, particularly in the USA, are much bigger than their European counterparts in terms of passenger numbers, number of hubs they operate and their aircraft fleets. Consolidation would be therefore needed to be able to compete globally with these airlines.
  
   
• 210. 

  COMP/M 3280
   
• 211. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 212. 

  COMP/38.248
   
• 213. 

  Regulations (EC) Nos 2407, 2408 and 2409/92.
  
   
• 214. 

  Some previous decisions on mergers between Community carriers are: decision of 5.10.1992 in Case IV/M.616 Air France/Sabena, and decision of 11.8.1999 in Case COMP/JV.19 KLM/Alitalia.
  
   
• 215. 

  On 5.6.2003, the Commission proposed and obtained from the Council a mandate to negotiate, together with the Member States, a comprehensive air services agreement with the US and a horizontal mandate for negotiations with third countries in all areas which fall under exclusive Community competence. The Commission states in the above-mentioned communication of 5.11.2002 on the consequences of the Court judgments for European air transport policy that
   
• 216. 

  This Agreement was notified under Regulation 4064/89 on 18.12.2003.
  
   
• 217. 

  See point 37 of the Air France/Alitalia decision
  
   
• 218. 

  See judgment of the Court of Justice in Case 66/86 Ahmed Saeed Flugreisen
   
• 219. 

  Time-sensitive passengers have a high opportunity cost of travel time, and as a result they are less willing to substitute non-stop for indirect flights, they are not flexible in terms of time of departure/arrival and they need to have the option of changing their reservation at short notice.
  
   
• 220. 

  At the time the AF/AZ decision was taken (under Regulation (EC) 3975/87) the Commission only had enforcement powers for intra-Community routes.
  
   
• 221. 

  This approach was first taken in the United Airlines/US Airway decision.
  
   
• 222. 

  Where the use of divestiture is difficult or impossible,
   
• 223. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 224. 

  See judgment in Case T-102/96 Gencor
   
• 225. 

  COMP/M.3271.
  
   
• 226. 

  COMP/M.3373.
  
   
• 227. 

  COMP/M.3093.
  
   
• 228. 

  COMP/M.3423.
  
   
• 229. 

  Case C-42/01 Portuguese Republic v Commission, not yet reported.
  
   
• 230. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 231. 

  Article 21(3) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89, now Article 21(4) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004.
  
   
• 232. 

  COMP/M.2054.
  
   
• 233. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 234. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 235. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 236. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 237. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 238. 

  It should be noted that, during the proceedings, on 4 June 2002, the Court of Justice delivered its judgment in Case C-367/98. In that action, the Commission challenged on the basis of internal market rules, inter alia, Portuguese Law No 11/90 (framework law on privatisation) as well as Decree Law No 380/93 (prior authorisation). The Court found that the Portuguese rules provided for a manifestly discriminatory treatment of investors from other Member States with the effect of restricting free movement of capital. As to the argument based on the need to safeguard the financial interests of the Portuguese Republic, the Court emphasised that it was settled case law that such economic grounds, put forward in support of a prior authorisation procedure, cannot serve as justification for restrictions on freedom of movement. By adopting and maintaining in force, in particular, Law No 11/90 and Decree Law No 380/93, the Portuguese Republic had failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 73b (now Article 56) of the Treaty.
  
   
• 239. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 240. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 241. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 242. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 243. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 244. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 245. 

  Case T-310/00 MCI v Commission, not yet reported.
  
   
• 246. 

  COMP/M.1741.
  
   
• 247. 

  See above section I.C.3.
  
   
• 248. 

  See above point 81.
  
   
• 249. 

  COMP/36.246.
  
   
• 250. 

  IP/04/573.
  
   
• 251. 

  IP/03/1129.
  
   
• 252. 

  IP/01/1641.
  
   
• 253. 

  IP/03/547.
  
   
• 254. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 255. 

  Decision of 20.2.2004, C(2004)527 final, available at: forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/infso/ecctf/home
  
   
• 256. 

  Decision of 5.10.2004, C(2004)3682 final, available at: forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/infso/ecctf/home
  
   
• 257. 

  Decision of 20.10.2004, C(2004)4070 final, available at: forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/infso/ecctf/home
  
   
• 258. 

  Communication COM(2004) 83 final of the Commission of 9.2.2004,
   
• 259. 

  Judgment of the Court of Justice in Case C-309/99 Wouters
   
• 260. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 261. 

  europa.eu.int/comm/competition/liberalization
  
   
• 262. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 659/99 of 22 March 1999 laying down detailed rules for the application of Article 93 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 83, 27.3.1999).
  
   
• 263. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 794/2004 of 21 April 2004 (OJ L 140, 30.4.2004).
  
   
• 264. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 265. 

  The changes specified in Article 4(2) are (a) increases in the budget of an authorised aid scheme exceeding 20%, (b) prolongation of an authorized scheme for up to six years and (c) the tightening of the criteria for the application of the scheme, a reduction of aid intensity or a reduction of eligible expenses. The tightening of criteria needs to be notified (although it tends to enhance the goal of a reduction of state aid reiterated by several European Councils), because even if it may lead to an overall decrease in state aid, it may in individual cases change the character of the aid measure in question and reduce the incentive character of the aid.
  
   
• 266. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 267. 

  Conditions for secure and correct transmission as such, but also for confidential treatment of the information transmitted. By the end of the year preparation of electronic forms was well under way, with a pilot phase envisaged for mid-2005.
  
   
• 268. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 269. 

  The rules adding clarifications for the state aid sector refer to Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 1182/71 of 3 June 1971.
  
   
• 270. 

  Recovery should restore the situation existing before the illegal aid. The Commission communication of 8 May 2003 makes clear that the effect of unlawful aid is to provide the recipient with funding on conditions similar to those of a medium-term non-interest-bearing loan.
  
   
• 271. 

  Commission communication on the interest rates to be applied when aid granted unlawfully is being recovered (OJ C 110, 8.5.2003).
  
   
• 272. 

  OJ L 63, 28.2.2004.
  
   
• 273. 

  OJ C 45, 17.2.1996.
  
   
• 274. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 275. 

  Commission Recommendation of 6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (OJ L 124, 20.5.2003).
  
   
• 276. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 363/2004 amending Regulation (EC) No 68/2001 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to training aid (OJ L 63, 28.2.2004).
  
   
• 277. 

  OJ L 63, 28.2.2004.
  
   
• 278. 

  OJ L 124, 20.5.2003.
  
   
• 279. 

  OJ C 288, 9.10.1999.
  
   
• 280. 

  Communication from the Commission
   
• 281. 

  Under the 1999 guidelines, simultaneous grants of rescue and restructuring aid were impossible, although such a possibility is desirable in some cases in order to introduce certain restructuring measures early on in the process.
  
   
• 282. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1177/2002 (OJ L 172, 2.7.2002).
  
   
• 283. 

  Commission Decision 2002/818/EC of 8 October 2002 under the provisions of Council Regulation (EC) No 386/94 concerning trade practices maintained by Korea affecting trade in commercial vessels (OJ L 281, 19.10.2002).
  
   
• 284. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 502/2004 of 11 March 2004 (OJ L 81, 19.3.2004).
  
   
• 285. 

  N 242/2004; decision of 14.7.2004, No C(2004) 2832, not yet published.
  
   
• 286. 

  N 138/2004; decision of 19.5.20004, No C(2004) 1808, not yet published.
  
   
• 287. 

  N 333/2004; decision of 21.1.2004, No C(2004) 4207, not yet published.
  
   
• 288. 

  N 59/2004; decision of 19.5.2004, No C(2004) 1807, not yet published.
  
   
• 289. 

  OJ L 352, 28.10.2004.
  
   
• 290. 

  N 145/2004.
  
   
• 291. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 292. 

  N 33/A/2004.
  
   
• 293. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 294. 

  C 50/02 (ex N 371/2001).
  
   
• 295. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 296. 

  NN 154/2003.
  
   
• 297. 

  For details see below under
   
• 298. 

  NN 151/2002 (ex N 113/B/2001).
  
   
• 299. 

  For details see below under
   
• 300. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 1/2004 of 23 December 2003 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to state aid to small and medium-sized enterprises active in the production, processing and marketing of agricultural products (OJ L 1, 3.1.2004).
  
   
• 301. 

  See: europa.eu.int/comm/agriculture/stateaid/exemption
  
   
• 302. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 303. 

  NN 34/A/2000 Quality programmes and quality labels AMA Biosiegel and AMA Gütesiegel - Austria, N 195/2003 MLC quality beef and sheepmeat advertising and NN 196/2003 MLC quality pigmeat advertising - United Kingdom.
  
   
• 304. 

  N 571/02 CMA promotion fund law
   
• 305. 

  N 195/2003 MLC quality beef and sheepmeat advertising and Case N 196/2003 MLC quality pigmeat advertising - United Kingdom.
  
   
• 306. 

  N 175/03 Meat and Livestock Commission generic meat advertising scheme - UK and C 78/2003 (ex NN 36/98, ex N 610/97) Advertising of Sicilian products (Article 4 Regional Law 27/1997) - Italy (Sicily).
  
   
• 307. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 1595/2004 of 8 September 2004 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to state aid to small and medium-sized enterprises active in the production, processing and marketing of fisheries products (OJ L 291, 14.9.2004).
  
   
• 308. 

  OJ C 229, 14.9.2004.
  
   
• 309. 

  OJ C 13, 17.1.2004.
  
   
• 310. 

  Case C-280/00. See points 621 et seq. of the 2003 Competition Report.
  
   
• 311. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 312. 

  Directive 80/723/EEC, as last amended by Directive 2000/52/EC (OJ L 193, 29.7.2000).
  
   
• 313. 

  See europa.eu.int/comm/competition/state_aid/others/
  
   
• 314. 

  The scoreboard replaces the state aid surveys, which were discontinued after the ninth survey in 2001. The online scoreboard available on DG Competition's website includes a series of key indicators and statistical tables in addition to the information provided in the paper version.
  
   
• 315. 

  europa.eu.int/comm/competition/state_aid French and German versions of the executive summary are available. See also press release IP/04/1356.
  
   
• 316. 

  N 567/2003.
  
   
• 317. 

  C 39/1996 (ex NN 127/92); positive decision: 20.4.2004.
  
   
• 318. 

  NN 42/2004; decision: 20.7.2004.
  
   
• 319. 

  N 490/2000.
  
   
• 320. 

  N 161/04.
  
   
• 321. 

  SG(2001) D/290869, 6.8.2001.
  
   
• 322. 

  C 58/2003, decision of 7.7.2004, C(2004)2352.
  
   
• 323. 

  C 5/2003.
  
   
• 324. 

  OJ C 80, 3.4.2003; see also OJ C 210, 5.9.2003.
  
   
• 325. 

  Not yet published.
  
   
• 326. 

  C 28/2002, opening of procedure OJ C 141, 14.6.2002.
  
   
• 327. 

  This includes, first, EUR 1.8 billion capital injected by the Land of Berlin in 2001, second, the provision of the guarantees to cover
   
• 328. 

  See 2003 Competition Report , points 526 et seq.
  
   
• 329. 

  Decision of 2.8.2004, C/13/B/2004.
  
   
• 330. 

  Case 173/73 Italy v Commission
   
• 331. 

  Decision of 2.8.2004, C/13/A/2004.
  
   
• 332. 

  C 10/04 (ex N 94/04).
  
   
• 333. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 334. 

  NN 37/04 (ex N 106/04), decision of 8.9.2004.
  
   
• 335. 

  C 40/00.
  
   
• 336. 

  C 66/03.
  
   
• 337. 

  C 20/2004 (ex NN 25/2004), decision of 12.8.2004.
  
   
• 338. 

  C 55/2002 (ex NN 53/2002), Aid to ship repair SORENI, Le Havre, decision of 20.4.2004; C 34/2003 (ex N 728/2002), Aid to ship repair CMR, Marseille, decision of 22.9.2004.
  
   
• 339. 

  OJ C 288, 9.10.1999.
  
   
• 340. 

  N 811/a/2002 and N 20/2004.
  
   
• 341. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 342. 

  C 16/04 Amendments to Hellenic
   
• 343. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1013/97 of 2 June 1997 on aid to certain shipyards under restructuring (OJ L 148, 6.6.1997).
  
   
• 344. 

  Article 6(1) of Council Directive 90/684/EEC of 21 December 1990 on aid to shipbuilding (OJ L 380, 31.12.1990).
  
   
• 345. 

  Article 11(1).
  
   
• 346. 

  C 40/02.
  
   
• 347. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 348. 

  C 40/02 (ex N 513/01) Aid to Hellenic Shipyards (OJ C 186, 6.8.2002).
  
   
• 349. 

  This concerns in particular obligations on the licensee to exclusively grant back or assign severable improvements to or new applications of the licensed technology and no-challenge clauses.
  
   
• 350. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 351. 

  OJ L 202, 18.7.1998.
  
   
• 352. 

  C(2004)3932, current No C 35-2004.
  
   
• 353. 

  -->
   
• 354. 

  In brackets, dates of capital transfer.
  
   
• 355. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 356. 

  C 95/2001 (ex CP 38/2001
   
• 357. 

  N 203/2004 Volvo Lastvagnar AB, decision of 8.9.2004.
  
   
• 358. 

  OJ C 279, 15.9.1997.
  
   
• 359. 

  OJ C 258, 9.9.2000.
  
   
• 360. 

  OJ C 70, 19.3.2002, as amended by the Commission communication on the modification of the Multisectoral Framework on regional aid for large investment projects (2002) with regard to the establishment of a list of sectors facing structural problems and on a proposal of appropriate measures pursuant to Article 88 paragraph 1 of the EC Treaty, concerning the motor vehicle sector and the synthetic fibres sector (OJ C 263, 1.11.2003).
  
   
• 361. 

  N 283/2004.
  
   
• 362. 

  N 177/2004.
  
   
• 363. 

  OJ C 74, 10.3.1998.
  
   
• 364. 

  N 147/2004.
  
   
• 365. 

  OJ L 10, 13.1.2001.
  
   
• 366. 

  C 72/2003 (ex-N 134/2003).
  
   
• 367. 

  C 57/2003 (ex-NN 58/2003).
  
   
• 368. 

  NN 136/03.
  
   
• 369. 

  Judgment of 15.7.2004 in Case C-345/02 Pearle BV, Hans Prijs Optiek Franchise BV and Rinck Opticiëns BV v Hoofdbedrijfschap Ambachten, not yet reported.
  
   
• 370. 

  Exemption under Article 39 CA of the CGI was introduced by Article 77 of Law No 98-546 of 2 July 1998, which sets up a depreciation system for the benefit of certain companies approved by the Minister for the Budget.
  
   
• 371. 

  C 12/2004.
  
   
• 372. 

  N 42/2004.
  
   
• 373. 

  C 40/2004.
  
   
• 374. 

  Community framework for state aid for research and development, published in OJ C 45, 17.2.1996 (hereinafter also referred to as 'the framework'), as last validated and extended by Commission communication 2002/C111/03 (OJ C 111, 8.5.2002).
  
   
• 375. 

  Notified in April 2004 as N184a-184b/2004.
  
   
• 376. 

  The High Level Group for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technologies was set up in October 2002 by the Vice-President of the European Commission, Loyola de Palacio, Commissioner for Energy and Transport, and Mr Philippe Busquin, Commissioner for Research. The Group was invited to formulate a collective vision on the contribution that hydrogen and fuel cells could make to the realization of sustainable energy systems in the future. It is composed of 19 stakeholders representing the research community, industry, public authorities and end-users.
  
   
• 377. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 378. 

  N 315/2004.
  
   
• 379. 

  C 31/2004 (ex NN 53/2004).
  
   
• 380. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 381. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 382. 

  This aid intensity is in line with the guidelines on aid for the protection of the environment (OJ C 37, 3.2.2001), which, however, does not cover aid to increase the safety of citizens.
  
   
• 383. 

  N 304/03.
  
   
• 384. 

  N 598/03.
  
   
• 385. 

  C 67/03, C 68/03 and C 69/03.
  
   
• 386. 

  C 73/03.
  
   
• 387. 

  OJ C 37, 3.2.2001.
  
   
• 388. 

  OJ L 275, 25.10.2003.
  
   
• 389. 

  On 7 July, the Commission decided on the NAPs of Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands, Slovenia and Sweden; on 20 October, decisions were taken on the NAPs of Belgium, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, the Slovak Republic and Portugal; in late December, decisions were taken on the NAPs of Cyprus, Hungary, Lithuania, Malta and Spain. The communications regarding these decisions are accessible at europa.eu.int/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l28012. The decisions are accessible at www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment/climat
  
   
• 390. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 391. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 392. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 393. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 394. 

  CZ 49/2003, C-27/2004, decision of 14.7.2004.
  
   
• 395. 

  HU 11/2003, C-35/2004, decision of 20.10.2004.
  
   
• 396. 

  SK 5/04.
  
   
• 397. 

  NN 62/2004.
  
   
• 398. 

  Council Regulation No 1540/98 (OJ L 202, 18.7.1998).
  
   
• 399. 

  N 347/03.
  
   
• 400. 

  C6/2000 of 25.10.2004, C(2004)3910/2.
  
   
• 401. 

  NN 56/2003.
  
   
• 402. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 403. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 404. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 405. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 406. 

  C 27/2001 (ex NN 2/2001).
  
   
• 407. 

  N 515/2003.
  
   
• 408. 

  NN 154/2003.
  
   
• 409. 

  C-49/2002 (ex NN 49/2002).
  
   
• 410. 

  The Commission recognised that by allocating the revenue from the tax to the general budget France had put an end to the discriminatory taxation, and closed the infringment proceedings.
  
   
• 411. 

  C 9/A/2003 - Germany (Bavaria).
  
   
• 412. 

  C 9/B/2003 - Germany (Bavaria).
  
   
• 413. 

  N 249/2003.
  
   
• 414. 

  N 384/2003 - OJ C 56, 4.3.2004.
  
   
• 415. 

  C 5/2001 (ex N 775/2000) - Italy (Sardinia).
  
   
• 416. 

  C 59/2001 (ex N 797/1999).
  
   
• 417. 

  N 75/2004
   
• 418. 

  N 536/2003 - Italy (Campania).
  
   
• 419. 

  NN 151/2002 (ex N 113/B/2001).
  
   
• 420. 

  N 429/2003.
  
   
• 421. 

  N 431/2003.
  
   
• 422. 

  OJ L 205, 2.8.2002.
  
   
• 423. 

  OJ C 182, 15.7.2004.
  
   
• 424. 

  N 493/2003 - Germany
   
• 425. 

  N 170/2004
   
• 426. 

  N 335/03 - Italy
   
• 427. 

  N 551/2003 - Italy
   
• 428. 

  N 206/2003- UK - Waterborne Freight Grant. Decision of 20.4.2004.
  
   
• 429. 

  N 649/2001 - UK - Freight Facilities Grant. Decision of 20.12.2001.
  
   
• 430. 

  N 88/04- Belgium
   
• 431. 

  The motorway around Antwerp consists of four lanes in each direction. During the works, the number of lanes will be reduced to two in each direction.
  
   
• 432. 

  N 90/2004 - Denmark
   
• 433. 

  C 32/2003 - France - Sernam 2
   
• 434. 

  C 54/2003 - Germany.
  
   
• 435. 

  N 38/2004
   
• 436. 

  N 599/2003 - Continuation in 2004 and 2005 of a scheme to reduce
   
• 437. 

  NN 19/2004
   
• 438. 

  N 171/2004
   
• 439. 

  N 70/04 - Continuation of the existing scheme for the international shipping register and extension of its scope to passenger vessels plying between Finland and other Member States. Decision of 1.12.2004.
  
   
• 440. 

  N 114/2004.
  
   
• 441. 

  C 64/1999 - Italy - Tirrenia group. Decision of 16.3.2004.
  
   
• 442. 

  Final decision not yet published.
  
   
• 443. 

  C 20/2003, OJ C 145, 21.6.2003.
  
   
• 444. 

  C 65/200, OJ L 196, 25.7.2002.
  
   
• 445. 

  C 76/2002 - Belgium - Charleroi Airport
   
• 446. 

  OJ C 192, 28.7.2004.
  
   
• 447. 

  N 297/2004 - Italy
   
• 448. 

  NN 63/2004 - Portugal - Reprivatisation of SPDH (TAP).
  
   
• 449. 

  See section 4.5 of the 2003 Competition Report and Case C 62/99.
  
   
• 450. 

  CP 114/04 RTP.
  
   
• 451. 

  E 10/2005 (ex CP 660/1999).
  
   
• 452. 

  C 2/2003.
  
   
• 453. 

  C 2/2004.
  
   
• 454. 

  OJ C 320, 15.11.2001.
  
   
• 455. 

  See Chapter 4.5 of the 2003 Competition Report.
  
   
• 456. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 457. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 458. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 459. 

  C 25/04 (ex NN 36/04).
  
   
• 460. 

  OJ C 238, 25.9.2004.
  
   
• 461. 

  Decisions N213/2003 - Project Atlas - Broadband infrastructure scheme for business parks, 9.9.2004; N307/2004 - Broadband in Scotland
   
• 462. 

  Commission staff working paper,
   
• 463. 

  Judgment in Case C-280/00 Altmark Trans and Regierungspräsidium Magdeburg
   
• 464. 

  Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on certain legal aspects relating to cinematographic and other audiovisual works (COM(2001)534 final, 26.9.2001 (OJ C 43, 16.2.2002)). Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on certain legal aspects relating to cinematographic and other audiovisual works of 26.9.2001 (COM(2004)171 final, 16.3.2004 (OJ C 123, 30.4.2004)).
  
   
• 465. 

  N 41/04.
  
   
• 466. 

  N 224/04, http:/europa.eu.int/comm./secretariat_general/sgb/state_aids/comp-2004/n224-04-fr.pdf
  
   
• 467. 

  OJ L 140, 30.4.2004.
  
   
• 468. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 659/1999 of 22 March 1999 laying down detailed rules for the application of Article 93 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 83, 27.3.1999).
  
   
• 469. 

  The relatively high number of German recovery cases can be attributed to some extent to the transitional problems following German unification. As regards the Spanish recovery cases, more than half relate to tax aid measures in the Basque Country.
  
   
• 470. 

  EUR 28 billion for the fifteen old Member States and excluding aid in the agricultural, fisheries, transport and coal-mining sectors.
  
   
• 471. 

  Cases C64/1997 (Westdeutsche Landesbank), C48/2002 (Landesbank Berlin), C69/2002 (Norddeutsche Landesbank), C70/2002 (Bayerische Landesbank), C71/2002 (Hamburgische Landesbank), C72/2002 (Landesbank Schleswig-Holstein), C73/2002 (Landesbank Hessen-Thüringen), Decisions of 20.10.2004.
  
   
• 472. 

  C13B/2003, decision of 2.8.2004.
  
   
• 473. 

  C68/2002, decision of 16.12.2003.
  
   
• 474. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 475. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 476. 

  C88/1997, ECJ Case C-337/04.
  
   
• 477. 

  C38/1998, decision of 6.10.2004.
  
   
• 478. 

  C03/1999, decision of 13.10.2004.
  
   
• 479. 

  C38/1998 (OJ L 12, 15.1.2002).
  
   
• 480. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 481. 

  Decision of 6.10.2004, not yet published in the Official Journal.
  
   
• 482. 

  CFI Cases T-366/00 and T-369/00.
  
   
• 483. 

  Case C03/1999 (OJ L 37, 12.2.2000).
  
   
• 484. 

  ECJ Case C-404/00
   
• 485. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 486. 

  C-186/02 P and C-188/02 P Ramodín SA, Ramodín Cápsulas SA (C 186/02 P) and Territorio Histórico de Álava - Diputación Foral de Álava (C 188/02 P) v Commission.
  
   
• 487. 

  C-278/00.
  
   
• 488. 

  C-159/01.
  
   
• 489. 

  C-110/02.
  
   
• 490. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 491. 

  C-345/02.
  
   
• 492. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 493. 

  The Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Commission of the European Communities regarding the application of their competition laws was concluded on 23.9.1991. By a joint decision of the Council and the European Commission of 10.4.1995 the Agreement was approved and declared applicable from the date it was signed by the European Commission (OJ L 95, 27.4.1995). On 4.6.1998 the positive comity agreement, which strengthens the positive comity provisions of the 1991 Agreement, entered into force (Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of the United States of America on the application of positive comity principles in the enforcement of their competition laws (OJ L 173, 18.6.1998)).
  
   
• 494. 

  Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of Canada regarding the application of the competition laws (OJ L 175, 10.7.1999). The Agreement was signed at the EU/Canada Summit in Bonn on 17.6.1999 and entered into force at signature.
  
   
• 495. 

  Agreement between the European Community and the Government of Japan concerning cooperation on anticompetitive activities (OJ L 183, 22.7.2003). The Cooperation Agreement between the European Community and Japan was signed in Brussels on 10.7.2003 and entered into force on 9.8.2003.
  
   
• 496. 

  More information on the ICN is available on its web site: www.internationalcompetitionnetwork.org
  
   
• 497. 

  See www.internationalcompetitionnetwork.org
  
   
• 498. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 499. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 500. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 501. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 502. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 503. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 504. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 505. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 506. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 507. 

  Available from the Council register at register.consilium.eu.int (document No 15435/02 ADD 1).
  
   
• 508. 

  A list of national authorities which have signed the Statement regarding the Commission Notice on Cooperation within the Network of Competition Authorities can be found on the
   
• 509. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 510. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 511. 

  A report on the main conclusions reached at this Workshop is available at www.internationalcompetitionnetwork.org
  
   
• 512. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 513. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 514. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 515. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 516. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 517. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 518. 

  Available from the Council register at register.consilium.eu.int (document No 15435/02 ADD 1).
  
   
• 519. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 520. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 521. 

  A list of national authorities which have signed the Statement regarding the Commission Notice on Cooperation within the Network of Competition Authorities can be found on the
   
• 522. 

  Commission Notice on the cooperation between the Commission and the courts of the EU Member States in the application of Articles 81 and 82 EC (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 523. 

  Commission Notice on the handling of complaints by the Commission under Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 524. 

  Commission Notice on informal guidance relating to novel questions concerning Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty that arise in individual cases (guidance letters) (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 525. 

  Guidelines on the effect on trade concept contained in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ C 101, 27. 4.2004).
  
   
• 526. 

  Guidelines on the application of Article 81(3) of the EC Treaty (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 527. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 528. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 529. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 530. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 531. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 772/2004 on the application of Article 81(3) of the Treaty to categories of technology transfer agreements (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 532. 

  Guidelines on the application of Article 81 of the EC Treaty to technology transfer agreements (OJ C 101, 27.4.2004). The TTBER and guidelines are also available at: -->
   
• 533. 

  Over 70 submissions were received from industry and trade associations, law and IP societies, individual law firms, national authorities, individual companies, universities and consultants.
  
   
• 534. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 240/96 of 31 January 1996 on the application of Article 81(3) of the EC Treaty to certain categories of technology transfer agreements (OJ L 31, 9.2.1996). For an evaluation of this Regulation, see the
   
• 535. 

  The previous 1996 Regulation contained white and grey lists.
  
   
• 536. 

  Council Regulation No 19/65/EEC, the enabling Regulation, only allows adoption of block exemption Regulations for transfer of technology agreements between two parties and concerning industrial property rights.
  
   
• 537. 

  The market share on the technology market is also based on the product market in that it is defined in terms of the market share of products produced with the licensed technology. For the market share calculation, sales value data for the preceding calendar year are normally to be used. A two-year grace period is provided for in case the relevant threshold is exceeded.
  
   
• 538. 

  This concerns in particular obligations on the licensee to exclusively grant back or assign severable improvements to or new applications of the licensed technology and no-challenge clauses.
  
   
• 539. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 540. 

  The TTBER now covers a number of commonly used restrictions such as: field of use restrictions, active and passive sale restrictions between licensor and licensee to protect their exclusive territories, and captive use restrictions.
  
   
• 541. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 542. 

  i.e., arrangements whereby two or more parties assemble a package of technology which is licensed not only to contributors to the pool but also to third parties.
  
   
• 543. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 544. 

  White Paper on the review of Regulation (EEC) No 4056/86 applying the EC competition rules to maritime transport, COM(2004) 675 final. See also Commission press release IP/04/1213.
  
   
• 545. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 546. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 547. 

  For the consultation document and replies received by the Commission, see: -->
   
• 548. 

  OJ C 319, 23.12.2004.
  
   
• 549. 

  OJ L 68, 6.3.2004. See also press release IP/04/272.
  
   
• 550. 

  Council Regulation (EEC) No 3975/87 laying down the procedure for the application of the EC competition rules in the air transport sector and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3976/87 on the application of Article 85(3) of the Treaty to certain categories of agreements and concerted practices in the air transport sector.
  
   
• 551. 

  See Joined Cases 209-213/84 Nouvelles Frontières
   
• 552. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 553. 

  Regulation No 1/2003 (antitrust), Regulation No 139/2004 (mergers) and the respective implementing Regulations (Regulations No 773/2004 and No 802/2004) provide that access to the file must be arranged in all cases involving decisions on the basis of Articles 7, 8, 23 and 24(2) of Regulation No 1/2003 and Articles 6(3), 7(3), 8(2) to (6), 14 and 15 of the Merger Regulation.
  
   
• 554. 

  The right of access to the file in antitrust and merger proceedings is distinct from the general right of access to documents under Regulation No 1049/2001, which is subject to different criteria and pursues a different purpose.
  
   
• 555. 

  Commission notice on the internal rules of procedure for processing requests for access to the file in cases under Articles 85 and 86
   
• 556. 

  Commission practice has evolved owing to new and unprecedented situations, such as very high numbers of parties involved in proceedings, but also with a view to enhancing efficiency in the provision of access to the file through new technological means.
  
   
• 557. 

  Notably in the
   
• 558. 

  Commission Decision of 23 May 2001 on the terms of reference of the Hearing Officer (OJ L 162, 19.6.2001).
  
   
• 559. 

  Draft Commission Notice on the rules for access to the Commission file in cases pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty and Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 (OJ C 259, 21.10.2004). Available at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/general_info
  
   
• 560. 

  Cewal existed between the beginning of the 1970s and the mid-1990s. It was made up of shipping companies operating a regular liner service between the ports of Zaïre and Angola and those of the North Sea, with the exception of the United Kingdom. Cewal's secretariat was in Antwerp.
  
   
• 561. 

  Commission Decision 93/82/EEC of 23 December 1992 relating to a proceeding pursuant to Articles 85 (IV/32.448 and IV/32.450: Cewal, Cowac and Ukwal) and 86 (IV/32.448 and IV/32.450: Cewal) of the EEC Treaty (OJ L 34, 10.2.1993).. The original fine of ECU 9.6 million imposed on CMB by the Commission was reduced by the Court of First Instance to 8.64 million by judgment in Joined Cases T-24/93, T-25/93, T-26/93 and T-28/93 CMB and Others
   
• 562. 

  Judgment in Joined Cases C-395/96 P CMB, CMBT and C-396/96 P Dafra-Lines
   
• 563. 

  Regulation 2988/74 concerning limitation periods in proceedings relating to transport and competition contains an interruptable limitation period of five years and an overall limitation period of ten years for the imposition of a fine. These limitation periods had not expired as they had been suspended during the court proceedings.
  
   
• 564. 

  COMP/38.096.
  
   
• 565. 

  Securities clearing and settlement are necessary steps for a securities trade to be completed. Clearing is the process by which the contractual obligations of the buyer and the seller are established. Settlement is the transfer of securities from the seller to the buyer and the transfer of funds from the buyer to the seller.
  
   
• 566. 

  Central Securities Depositories hold securities and enable securities transactions to be processed through book entry. In its home country, the Central Securities Depository provides processing services for trades involving those securities that it holds in final custody. It can also offer processing services as an intermediary in cross-border clearing and settlement, where the primary deposit of securities is in another country.
  
   
• 567. 

  The most widely internationally-traded German shares (blue chip shares such as Daimler Chrysler, Siemens, Allianz, Deutsche Post, Deutsche Telekom, Deutsche Bank, Lufthansa and others) are registered shares, as opposed to bearer shares.
  
   
• 568. 

  Case COMP/37.792 available at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/antitrust/cases
  
   
• 569. 

  Microsoft held around 95% of this market.
  
   
• 570. 

  This fine amounted to 1.62% of
   
• 571. 

  Case T-201/04.
  
   
• 572. 

  Case T-201/04R.
  
   
• 573. 

  Hearings on the application for interim measures were held on 30 September 2004 and 1 October 2004.
  
   
• 574. 

  See below under Section I.C.
  
   
• 575. 

  See the
   
• 576. 

  Fee which competitors have to pay to Deutsche Telekom for shared access to its local loops.
  
   
• 577. 

  Press release IP/04/994.
  
   
• 578. 

  COMP/37.409. See press release IP/04/574, 30.4.2004.
  
   
• 579. 

  COMP/A.36.568.
  
   
• 580. 

  COMP/A.36.570.
  
   
• 581. 

  Non-confidential versions of the decisions were published on DG
   
• 582. 

  The decisions are based on the test developed by the Court of Justice in Case 27/76 United Brands v Commission
   
• 583. 

  COMP/37.704
   
• 584. 

  COMP/37.663
   
• 585. 

  See below for summaries of the individual decisions.
  
   
• 586. 

  Notice on immunity from fines and reduction of fines in cartel cases (OJ C 45, 19.2.2002).
  
   
• 587. 

  The application for leniency must have reached the Commission after 19 February 2002 for the new notice to apply.
  
   
• 588. 

  See above point 1.
  
   
• 589. 

  Article 21 of the Regulation.
  
   
• 590. 

  Article 20 of the Regulation.
  
   
• 591. 

  Article 19 of the Regulation.
  
   
• 592. 

  Case C-7/04 P (R). For more details, see below under court cases.
  
   
• 593. 

  Joined Cases T-125/03 R and T-253/03 R Akzo Nobel Chemicals Ltd and Akcros. See also 2003 Competition Report, point 33.
  
   
• 594. 

  The main case on this question was pending before the Court at the end of the year.
  
   
• 595. 

  See Case 155/79 AM
   
• 596. 

  COMP/38.069.
  
   
• 597. 

  COMP/36.756.
  
   
• 598. 

  See 2001 Competition Report, point 48.
  
   
• 599. 

  COMP/37.750 - Brasseries Kronenbourg, Brasseries Heineken.
  
   
• 600. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 601. 

  i.e. hotels, restaurants and cafes.
  
   
• 602. 

  COMP/38.238.
  
   
• 603. 

  COMP/38.338. See press release IP/04/1313, 26.10.2004.
  
   
• 604. 

  COMP/37.533.
  
   
• 605. 

  COMP/38.284.
  
   
• 606. 

  This decision has been challenged before the Court of First Instance by a third party (Case T-300/04).
  
   
• 607. 

  COMP/37.980 - Souris Bleue
   
• 608. 

  Press release IP/04/682, 26.5.2004.
  
   
• 609. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 610. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 611. 

  COMP/C-2/38.014 - IFPI
   
• 612. 

  Press release IP/04/586.
  
   
• 613. 

  COMP/38.549.
  
   
• 614. 

  Decision 93/438/EEC in Case IV/33.407
   
• 615. 

  In its first decision concerning tariffs of professional bodies, in 1993, the Commission condemned fixed tariffs without imposing a fine. In 1996, the Commission took a decision concerning the recommended tariffs of the association of Dutch forwarding agents, imposing a symbolic fine of EUR 1 000.
  
   
• 616. 

  COMP/38.662 - GDF-ENEL, GDF-ENI.
  
   
• 617. 

  See Article 27(4) publication in OJ C 299, 14.9.2004.
  
   
• 618. 

  A decision under Article 9 of Regulation 1/2003 was adopted in January 2005.
  
   
• 619. 

  COMP/38.173 and 38.453 (OJ C 115, 30.4.2004).
  
   
• 620. 

  OJ C 115, 30.4.2004.
  
   
• 621. 

  See below under court cases.
  
   
• 622. 

  COMP/38.427. See press release IP/04/2004, 26.10.2004.
  
   
• 623. 

  The term actually refers to the most favoured supplier principle used in the agreements.
  
   
• 624. 

  Press release IP/04/134, 30.1.2004.
  
   
• 625. 

  COMP/38.745, not yet published in the Official Journal.
  
   
• 626. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 627. 

  Notice from the Commission on the application of the competition rules to the postal sector and on the assessment of certain state measures relating to postal services (OJ C 39, 6.2.1998).
  
   
• 628. 

  Both Germany and DPAG have appealed against this decision: Cases T-490/04 and T-493/04.
  
   
• 629. 

  COMP/38.663 - UFEX.
  
   
• 630. 

  See above section I.A.I.
  
   
• 631. 

  COMP/39.116.
  
   
• 632. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 633. 

  Available from the Council register at register.consilium.eu.int (document No 15435/02 ADD 1).
  
   
• 634. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 635. 

  See point 6 of the Article 27(4) notice (OJ C 258, 20.10.2004).
  
   
• 636. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 637. 

  The non-confidential versions of the national judgments can be found at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/antitrust
  
   
• 638. 

  Regulation No 1/2003 (antitrust), Regulation No 139/2004 (mergers) and the respective implementing Regulations (Regulations No 773/2004 and No 802/2004) provide that access to the file must be arranged in all cases involving decisions on the basis of Articles 7, 8, 23 and 24(2) of Regulation No 1/2003 and Articles 6(3), 7(3), 8(2) to (6), 14 and 15 of the Merger Regulation.
  
   
• 639. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 640. 

  Further details on the cofinanced projects can be found on DG
   
• 641. 

  The calls for proposals for this training programme can be found on DG
   
• 642. 

  The report is avalible at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/publications/eca
  
   
• 643. 

  Joined Cases C-2/01 P Bundesverband der Arzneimittel-Importeure eV and Commission v Bayer and C-3/01 P Commission v Bayer, not yet reported.
  
   
• 644. 

  Judgment in Case T-41/96 Bayer
   
• 645. 

  Decision of 10 January 1996 in Case COMP/34.279 Adalat. This case concerned restrictions on parallel imports of pharmaceuticals and is named after the product manufactured by Bayer to which the proceedings related.
  
   
• 646. 

  Joined Cases C-204/00 P Aalborg Portland A/S, C-205/00 P Irish Cement Ltd, C-211/00 P Ciments français SA, C-213/00 P Italcementi - Fabbriche Riunite Cemento SpA, C-217/00 P Buzzi Unicem SpA and C-219/00 Cementir - Cementerie del Tirreno SpA, not yet reported.
  
   
• 647. 

  Decision of 30 November 1994 in Cases COMP/33.126 and COMP/33.322 - Cement.
  
   
• 648. 

  Judgment in Joined Cases T-25/95, T-26/95, T-30/95 to T-32/95, T-34/95 to T-39/95, T-42/95 to T-46/95, T-48/95, T-50/95 to T-65/95, T-68/95 to T-71/95, T-87/95, T-88/95, T-103/95 and T-104/95 Cimenteries CBR and Others
   
• 649. 

  Case C-240/02 Asempre and Others, not yet reported.
  
   
• 650. 

  OJ L 15, 21.1.1998.
  
   
• 651. 

  Self-provision consists (according to Recital 21 of the Directive) in the provision of postal services by the natural or legal person who is the originator of the mail, or collection and routing of these items by a third party acting solely on behalf of that person.
  
   
• 652. 

  Joined Cases T-236/01 Tokai Carbon Co. Ltd, T-239/01 SGL Carbon AG, T-244/01 Nippon Carbon Co. Ltd, T-245/01 Showa Denko KK, T-246/01 GrafTech International Ltd, T-251/01 SEC Corp and T-252/01 The Carbide/Graphite Group, Inc., not yet reported.
  
   
• 653. 

  Decision of 18 July 2001 in Case COMP/36.490 - Graphite electrodes.
  
   
• 654. 

  1998 guidelines on the method of setting fines (OJ C 9, 14.1.1998).
  
   
• 655. 

  The judgment has been appealed by the Comission (Case C-301/04 P) and several other parties, namely SGL (Case C-308/04 P), Showa Denko (Case 289/04 P) and SEC Corporation (Case C-307/04 P), decided by order of 24/11/2004).
  
   
• 656. 

  Cases T-44/00 Mannesmannröhren-Werke AG, T-48/00 Corus UK Ltd, T-50/00 Dalmine SpA and Joined Cases T-67/00, T-68/00, T-71/00 and T-78/00 JFE Engineering Corp., Nippon Steel Corp., JFE Steel Corp. and Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd, not yet reported.
  
   
• 657. 

  Decision of 8 December 1999 in Case COMP/35.860 B - Seamless steel tubes.
  
   
• 658. 

  Case C-7/04 P(R) Commission v Akzo Nobel Chemicals and Akcros Chemicals, not yet reported.
  
   
• 659. 

  Order of 30 October 2003 in Joined Cases T-125/03 R and T-253/03 R Akzo Nobel Chemicals Ltd and Akcros.
  
   
• 660. 

  The parties claimed five documents to be legally privileged. Commission inspectors considered that for two of them no position could be taken on the spot and placed them in a sealed envelope, which was taken back to the Commission. The other three documents were considered not to be covered by legal privilege under established case law and were copied and placed in the file. After the inspection, the Commission formally rejected the
   
• 661. 

  Cases T-44/02 Dresdner Bank AG, T-54/02 Vereins und Westbank AG, T-56/02 Bayrische Hypo- und Vereinsbank AG, T-60/02 Deutsche Verkehrsbank AG, T-61/02 Commerzbank AG, not yet reported.
  
   
• 662. 

  Commission decision of 11 December 2001 in Case
   
• 663. 

  COMP/38.158 - Meca Medina and Majcen against the International Olympic Committee, -->
   
• 664. 

  Case T-313/02 Meca Medina and Majcen v Commission, -->
   
• 665. 

  Case C-470/02.
  
   
• 666. 

  Case T-185/00.
  
   
• 667. 

  Commission decision of 1 May 2000 in Case COMP/32.150 - EBU/Eurovision (OJ L 151, 24.6.2000).
  
   
• 668. 

  Cases T-201/04 (main action) and T-201/04 R (interim measures).
  
   
• 669. 

  See above point 36.
  
   
• 670. 

  For further details on the first year of application of these new provisions see Box 6 on the streamlined referrals system.
  
   
• 671. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 of 20 January 2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings (OJ L 24, 29.1.2004).
  
   
• 672. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 802/2004 of 7 April 2004 implementing Council Regulation (EC) No. 139/2004 on the control of concentrations between undertakings (OJ L 133, 30.4.2004).
  
   
• 673. 

  Bringing the total number to one original and 35 copies of the Form CO.
  
   
• 674. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 675. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 676. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 677. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 678. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 679. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 680. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 681. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 682. 

  Point (d) has been added to the category of cases that qualify for Short Form notification. See below under
   
• 683. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 684. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 685. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 686. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 687. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 688. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 689. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 690. 

  See Article 6(1)(b), second subparagraph; Article 8(1), second subparagraph and (2), third subparagraph.
  
   
• 691. 

  Article 2(3) of the new Merger Regulation provides that
   
• 692. 

  The HHI, or Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, is an internationally recognised measure of market concentration. The HHI is calculated by summing the squares of the individual market shares of all the firms in the market. The index gives proportionately greater weight to the market shares of the larger firms, in line with their relative importance in the competitive process.
  
   
• 693. 

  COMP/M.2978.
  
   
• 694. 

  See the 2003 Competition Report.
  
   
• 695. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 696. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 697. 

  COMP/M.3333.
  
   
• 698. 

  See Article 26(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004.
  
   
• 699. 

  See Court of Justice, Joined Cases C-68/94 and C-30/95 France v Commission
   
• 700. 

  Case T-342/99 Airtours v Commission
   
• 701. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 702. 

  COMP/M.3099.
  
   
• 703. 

  COMP/M.3431.
  
   
• 704. 

  COMP/M.3436.
  
   
• 705. 

  COMP/M.3440.
  
   
• 706. 

  Combined cycle gas turbine.
  
   
• 707. 

  COMP/M.1378.
  
   
• 708. 

  COMP/M.3304.
  
   
• 709. 

  COMP/M.3314.
  
   
• 710. 

  COMP/M.3354.
  
   
• 711. 

  COMP/M.3396.
  
   
• 712. 

  COMP/M.3397.
  
   
• 713. 

  COMP/M.3420.
  
   
• 714. 

  COMP/M.3465.
  
   
• 715. 

  COMP/M.3506.
  
   
• 716. 

  COMP/M.3558.
  
   
• 717. 

  Judgments of 5.11.2002 in Cases C-475, 471, 467, 469, 476, 472, 468 and 466/98 against Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Luxembourg, Sweden and the United Kingdom, respectively.
  
   
• 718. 

  See notably the conclusions of the Transport Council of 5.6.2003 and Regulation (EC) No 847/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 195, 2.6.2004). In addition, as regards competition rules, the Council adopted on 26.2.2004 Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 amending the existing Regulations in the air transport sector and making Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 applicable to air transport between the EU and third countries.
  
   
• 719. 

  According to the Commission in paragraph 47 of its communication on the consequences of the Court judgments of 5.11.2002 for European air transport policy (COM/2002/0649 final), non-EU airlines, particularly in the USA, are much bigger than their European counterparts in terms of passenger numbers, number of hubs they operate and their aircraft fleets. Consolidation would be therefore needed to be able to compete globally with these airlines.
  
   
• 720. 

  COMP/M 3280
   
• 721. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 722. 

  COMP/38.248
   
• 723. 

  Regulations (EC) Nos 2407, 2408 and 2409/92.
  
   
• 724. 

  Some previous decisions on mergers between Community carriers are: decision of 5.10.1992 in Case IV/M.616 Air France/Sabena, and decision of 11.8.1999 in Case COMP/JV.19 KLM/Alitalia.
  
   
• 725. 

  On 5.6.2003, the Commission proposed and obtained from the Council a mandate to negotiate, together with the Member States, a comprehensive air services agreement with the US and a horizontal mandate for negotiations with third countries in all areas which fall under exclusive Community competence. The Commission states in the above-mentioned communication of 5.11.2002 on the consequences of the Court judgments for European air transport policy that
   
• 726. 

  This Agreement was notified under Regulation 4064/89 on 18.12.2003.
  
   
• 727. 

  See point 37 of the Air France/Alitalia decision
  
   
• 728. 

  See judgment of the Court of Justice in Case 66/86 Ahmed Saeed Flugreisen
   
• 729. 

  Time-sensitive passengers have a high opportunity cost of travel time, and as a result they are less willing to substitute non-stop for indirect flights, they are not flexible in terms of time of departure/arrival and they need to have the option of changing their reservation at short notice.
  
   
• 730. 

  At the time the AF/AZ decision was taken (under Regulation (EC) 3975/87) the Commission only had enforcement powers for intra-Community routes.
  
   
• 731. 

  This approach was first taken in the United Airlines/US Airway decision.
  
   
• 732. 

  Where the use of divestiture is difficult or impossible,
   
• 733. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 734. 

  See judgment in Case T-102/96 Gencor
   
• 735. 

  COMP/M.3271.
  
   
• 736. 

  COMP/M.3373.
  
   
• 737. 

  COMP/M.3093.
  
   
• 738. 

  COMP/M.3423.
  
   
• 739. 

  Case C-42/01 Portuguese Republic v Commission, not yet reported.
  
   
• 740. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 741. 

  Article 21(3) of Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89, now Article 21(4) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004.
  
   
• 742. 

  COMP/M.2054.
  
   
• 743. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 744. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 745. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 746. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 747. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 748. 

  It should be noted that, during the proceedings, on 4 June 2002, the Court of Justice delivered its judgment in Case C-367/98. In that action, the Commission challenged on the basis of internal market rules, inter alia, Portuguese Law No 11/90 (framework law on privatisation) as well as Decree Law No 380/93 (prior authorisation). The Court found that the Portuguese rules provided for a manifestly discriminatory treatment of investors from other Member States with the effect of restricting free movement of capital. As to the argument based on the need to safeguard the financial interests of the Portuguese Republic, the Court emphasised that it was settled case law that such economic grounds, put forward in support of a prior authorisation procedure, cannot serve as justification for restrictions on freedom of movement. By adopting and maintaining in force, in particular, Law No 11/90 and Decree Law No 380/93, the Portuguese Republic had failed to fulfil its obligations under Article 73b (now Article 56) of the Treaty.
  
   
• 749. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 750. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 751. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 752. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 753. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 754. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 755. 

  Case T-310/00 MCI v Commission, not yet reported.
  
   
• 756. 

  COMP/M.1741.
  
   
• 757. 

  See above section I.C.3.
  
   
• 758. 

  See above point 81.
  
   
• 759. 

  COMP/36.246.
  
   
• 760. 

  IP/04/573.
  
   
• 761. 

  IP/03/1129.
  
   
• 762. 

  IP/01/1641.
  
   
• 763. 

  IP/03/547.
  
   
• 764. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 765. 

  Decision of 20.2.2004, C(2004)527 final, available at: forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/infso/ecctf/home
  
   
• 766. 

  Decision of 5.10.2004, C(2004)3682 final, available at: forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/infso/ecctf/home
  
   
• 767. 

  Decision of 20.10.2004, C(2004)4070 final, available at: forum.europa.eu.int/Public/irc/infso/ecctf/home
  
   
• 768. 

  Communication COM(2004) 83 final of the Commission of 9.2.2004,
   
• 769. 

  Judgment of the Court of Justice in Case C-309/99 Wouters
   
• 770. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 771. 

  europa.eu.int/comm/competition/liberalization
  
   
• 772. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 659/99 of 22 March 1999 laying down detailed rules for the application of Article 93 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 83, 27.3.1999).
  
   
• 773. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 794/2004 of 21 April 2004 (OJ L 140, 30.4.2004).
  
   
• 774. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 775. 

  The changes specified in Article 4(2) are (a) increases in the budget of an authorised aid scheme exceeding 20%, (b) prolongation of an authorized scheme for up to six years and (c) the tightening of the criteria for the application of the scheme, a reduction of aid intensity or a reduction of eligible expenses. The tightening of criteria needs to be notified (although it tends to enhance the goal of a reduction of state aid reiterated by several European Councils), because even if it may lead to an overall decrease in state aid, it may in individual cases change the character of the aid measure in question and reduce the incentive character of the aid.
  
   
• 776. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 777. 

  Conditions for secure and correct transmission as such, but also for confidential treatment of the information transmitted. By the end of the year preparation of electronic forms was well under way, with a pilot phase envisaged for mid-2005.
  
   
• 778. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 779. 

  The rules adding clarifications for the state aid sector refer to Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 1182/71 of 3 June 1971.
  
   
• 780. 

  Recovery should restore the situation existing before the illegal aid. The Commission communication of 8 May 2003 makes clear that the effect of unlawful aid is to provide the recipient with funding on conditions similar to those of a medium-term non-interest-bearing loan.
  
   
• 781. 

  Commission communication on the interest rates to be applied when aid granted unlawfully is being recovered (OJ C 110, 8.5.2003).
  
   
• 782. 

  OJ L 63, 28.2.2004.
  
   
• 783. 

  OJ C 45, 17.2.1996.
  
   
• 784. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 785. 

  Commission Recommendation of 6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (OJ L 124, 20.5.2003).
  
   
• 786. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 363/2004 amending Regulation (EC) No 68/2001 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to training aid (OJ L 63, 28.2.2004).
  
   
• 787. 

  OJ L 63, 28.2.2004.
  
   
• 788. 

  OJ L 124, 20.5.2003.
  
   
• 789. 

  OJ C 288, 9.10.1999.
  
   
• 790. 

  Communication from the Commission
   
• 791. 

  Under the 1999 guidelines, simultaneous grants of rescue and restructuring aid were impossible, although such a possibility is desirable in some cases in order to introduce certain restructuring measures early on in the process.
  
   
• 792. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1177/2002 (OJ L 172, 2.7.2002).
  
   
• 793. 

  Commission Decision 2002/818/EC of 8 October 2002 under the provisions of Council Regulation (EC) No 386/94 concerning trade practices maintained by Korea affecting trade in commercial vessels (OJ L 281, 19.10.2002).
  
   
• 794. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 502/2004 of 11 March 2004 (OJ L 81, 19.3.2004).
  
   
• 795. 

  N 242/2004; decision of 14.7.2004, No C(2004) 2832, not yet published.
  
   
• 796. 

  N 138/2004; decision of 19.5.20004, No C(2004) 1808, not yet published.
  
   
• 797. 

  N 333/2004; decision of 21.1.2004, No C(2004) 4207, not yet published.
  
   
• 798. 

  N 59/2004; decision of 19.5.2004, No C(2004) 1807, not yet published.
  
   
• 799. 

  OJ L 352, 28.10.2004.
  
   
• 800. 

  N 145/2004.
  
   
• 801. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 802. 

  N 33/A/2004.
  
   
• 803. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 804. 

  C 50/02 (ex N 371/2001).
  
   
• 805. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 806. 

  NN 154/2003.
  
   
• 807. 

  For details see below under
   
• 808. 

  NN 151/2002 (ex N 113/B/2001).
  
   
• 809. 

  For details see below under
   
• 810. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 1/2004 of 23 December 2003 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to state aid to small and medium-sized enterprises active in the production, processing and marketing of agricultural products (OJ L 1, 3.1.2004).
  
   
• 811. 

  See: europa.eu.int/comm/agriculture/stateaid/exemption
  
   
• 812. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 813. 

  NN 34/A/2000 Quality programmes and quality labels AMA Biosiegel and AMA Gütesiegel - Austria, N 195/2003 MLC quality beef and sheepmeat advertising and NN 196/2003 MLC quality pigmeat advertising - United Kingdom.
  
   
• 814. 

  N 571/02 CMA promotion fund law
   
• 815. 

  N 195/2003 MLC quality beef and sheepmeat advertising and Case N 196/2003 MLC quality pigmeat advertising - United Kingdom.
  
   
• 816. 

  N 175/03 Meat and Livestock Commission generic meat advertising scheme - UK and C 78/2003 (ex NN 36/98, ex N 610/97) Advertising of Sicilian products (Article 4 Regional Law 27/1997) - Italy (Sicily).
  
   
• 817. 

  Commission Regulation (EC) No 1595/2004 of 8 September 2004 on the application of Articles 87 and 88 of the EC Treaty to state aid to small and medium-sized enterprises active in the production, processing and marketing of fisheries products (OJ L 291, 14.9.2004).
  
   
• 818. 

  OJ C 229, 14.9.2004.
  
   
• 819. 

  OJ C 13, 17.1.2004.
  
   
• 820. 

  Case C-280/00. See points 621 et seq. of the 2003 Competition Report.
  
   
• 821. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 822. 

  Directive 80/723/EEC, as last amended by Directive 2000/52/EC (OJ L 193, 29.7.2000).
  
   
• 823. 

  See europa.eu.int/comm/competition/state_aid/others/
  
   
• 824. 

  The scoreboard replaces the state aid surveys, which were discontinued after the ninth survey in 2001. The online scoreboard available on DG Competition's website includes a series of key indicators and statistical tables in addition to the information provided in the paper version.
  
   
• 825. 

  europa.eu.int/comm/competition/state_aid French and German versions of the executive summary are available. See also press release IP/04/1356.
  
   
• 826. 

  N 567/2003.
  
   
• 827. 

  C 39/1996 (ex NN 127/92); positive decision: 20.4.2004.
  
   
• 828. 

  NN 42/2004; decision: 20.7.2004.
  
   
• 829. 

  N 490/2000.
  
   
• 830. 

  N 161/04.
  
   
• 831. 

  SG(2001) D/290869, 6.8.2001.
  
   
• 832. 

  C 58/2003, decision of 7.7.2004, C(2004)2352.
  
   
• 833. 

  C 5/2003.
  
   
• 834. 

  OJ C 80, 3.4.2003; see also OJ C 210, 5.9.2003.
  
   
• 835. 

  Not yet published.
  
   
• 836. 

  C 28/2002, opening of procedure OJ C 141, 14.6.2002.
  
   
• 837. 

  This includes, first, EUR 1.8 billion capital injected by the Land of Berlin in 2001, second, the provision of the guarantees to cover
   
• 838. 

  See 2003 Competition Report , points 526 et seq.
  
   
• 839. 

  Decision of 2.8.2004, C/13/B/2004.
  
   
• 840. 

  Case 173/73 Italy v Commission
   
• 841. 

  Decision of 2.8.2004, C/13/A/2004.
  
   
• 842. 

  C 10/04 (ex N 94/04).
  
   
• 843. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 844. 

  NN 37/04 (ex N 106/04), decision of 8.9.2004.
  
   
• 845. 

  C 40/00.
  
   
• 846. 

  C 66/03.
  
   
• 847. 

  C 20/2004 (ex NN 25/2004), decision of 12.8.2004.
  
   
• 848. 

  C 55/2002 (ex NN 53/2002), Aid to ship repair SORENI, Le Havre, decision of 20.4.2004; C 34/2003 (ex N 728/2002), Aid to ship repair CMR, Marseille, decision of 22.9.2004.
  
   
• 849. 

  OJ C 288, 9.10.1999.
  
   
• 850. 

  N 811/a/2002 and N 20/2004.
  
   
• 851. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 852. 

  C 16/04 Amendments to Hellenic
   
• 853. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1013/97 of 2 June 1997 on aid to certain shipyards under restructuring (OJ L 148, 6.6.1997).
  
   
• 854. 

  Article 6(1) of Council Directive 90/684/EEC of 21 December 1990 on aid to shipbuilding (OJ L 380, 31.12.1990).
  
   
• 855. 

  Article 11(1).
  
   
• 856. 

  C 40/02.
  
   
• 857. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 858. 

  C 40/02 (ex N 513/01) Aid to Hellenic Shipyards (OJ C 186, 6.8.2002).
  
   
• 859. 

  This concerns in particular obligations on the licensee to exclusively grant back or assign severable improvements to or new applications of the licensed technology and no-challenge clauses.
  
   
• 860. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 861. 

  OJ L 202, 18.7.1998.
  
   
• 862. 

  C(2004)3932, current No C 35-2004.
  
   
• 863. 

  -->
   
• 864. 

  In brackets, dates of capital transfer.
  
   
• 865. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 866. 

  C 95/2001 (ex CP 38/2001
   
• 867. 

  N 203/2004 Volvo Lastvagnar AB, decision of 8.9.2004.
  
   
• 868. 

  OJ C 279, 15.9.1997.
  
   
• 869. 

  OJ C 258, 9.9.2000.
  
   
• 870. 

  OJ C 70, 19.3.2002, as amended by the Commission communication on the modification of the Multisectoral Framework on regional aid for large investment projects (2002) with regard to the establishment of a list of sectors facing structural problems and on a proposal of appropriate measures pursuant to Article 88 paragraph 1 of the EC Treaty, concerning the motor vehicle sector and the synthetic fibres sector (OJ C 263, 1.11.2003).
  
   
• 871. 

  N 283/2004.
  
   
• 872. 

  N 177/2004.
  
   
• 873. 

  OJ C 74, 10.3.1998.
  
   
• 874. 

  N 147/2004.
  
   
• 875. 

  OJ L 10, 13.1.2001.
  
   
• 876. 

  C 72/2003 (ex-N 134/2003).
  
   
• 877. 

  C 57/2003 (ex-NN 58/2003).
  
   
• 878. 

  NN 136/03.
  
   
• 879. 

  Judgment of 15.7.2004 in Case C-345/02 Pearle BV, Hans Prijs Optiek Franchise BV and Rinck Opticiëns BV v Hoofdbedrijfschap Ambachten, not yet reported.
  
   
• 880. 

  Exemption under Article 39 CA of the CGI was introduced by Article 77 of Law No 98-546 of 2 July 1998, which sets up a depreciation system for the benefit of certain companies approved by the Minister for the Budget.
  
   
• 881. 

  C 12/2004.
  
   
• 882. 

  N 42/2004.
  
   
• 883. 

  C 40/2004.
  
   
• 884. 

  Community framework for state aid for research and development, published in OJ C 45, 17.2.1996 (hereinafter also referred to as 'the framework'), as last validated and extended by Commission communication 2002/C111/03 (OJ C 111, 8.5.2002).
  
   
• 885. 

  Notified in April 2004 as N184a-184b/2004.
  
   
• 886. 

  The High Level Group for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technologies was set up in October 2002 by the Vice-President of the European Commission, Loyola de Palacio, Commissioner for Energy and Transport, and Mr Philippe Busquin, Commissioner for Research. The Group was invited to formulate a collective vision on the contribution that hydrogen and fuel cells could make to the realization of sustainable energy systems in the future. It is composed of 19 stakeholders representing the research community, industry, public authorities and end-users.
  
   
• 887. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 888. 

  N 315/2004.
  
   
• 889. 

  C 31/2004 (ex NN 53/2004).
  
   
• 890. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 891. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 892. 

  This aid intensity is in line with the guidelines on aid for the protection of the environment (OJ C 37, 3.2.2001), which, however, does not cover aid to increase the safety of citizens.
  
   
• 893. 

  N 304/03.
  
   
• 894. 

  N 598/03.
  
   
• 895. 

  C 67/03, C 68/03 and C 69/03.
  
   
• 896. 

  C 73/03.
  
   
• 897. 

  OJ C 37, 3.2.2001.
  
   
• 898. 

  OJ L 275, 25.10.2003.
  
   
• 899. 

  On 7 July, the Commission decided on the NAPs of Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands, Slovenia and Sweden; on 20 October, decisions were taken on the NAPs of Belgium, Estonia, Latvia, Luxembourg, the Slovak Republic and Portugal; in late December, decisions were taken on the NAPs of Cyprus, Hungary, Lithuania, Malta and Spain. The communications regarding these decisions are accessible at europa.eu.int/scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l28012. The decisions are accessible at www.europa.eu.int/comm/environment/climat
  
   
• 900. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 901. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 902. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 903. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 904. 

  CZ 49/2003, C-27/2004, decision of 14.7.2004.
  
   
• 905. 

  HU 11/2003, C-35/2004, decision of 20.10.2004.
  
   
• 906. 

  SK 5/04.
  
   
• 907. 

  NN 62/2004.
  
   
• 908. 

  Council Regulation No 1540/98 (OJ L 202, 18.7.1998).
  
   
• 909. 

  N 347/03.
  
   
• 910. 

  C6/2000 of 25.10.2004, C(2004)3910/2.
  
   
• 911. 

  NN 56/2003.
  
   
• 912. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 913. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 914. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 915. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 916. 

  C 27/2001 (ex NN 2/2001).
  
   
• 917. 

  N 515/2003.
  
   
• 918. 

  NN 154/2003.
  
   
• 919. 

  C-49/2002 (ex NN 49/2002).
  
   
• 920. 

  The Commission recognised that by allocating the revenue from the tax to the general budget France had put an end to the discriminatory taxation, and closed the infringment proceedings.
  
   
• 921. 

  C 9/A/2003 - Germany (Bavaria).
  
   
• 922. 

  C 9/B/2003 - Germany (Bavaria).
  
   
• 923. 

  N 249/2003.
  
   
• 924. 

  N 384/2003 - OJ C 56, 4.3.2004.
  
   
• 925. 

  C 5/2001 (ex N 775/2000) - Italy (Sardinia).
  
   
• 926. 

  C 59/2001 (ex N 797/1999).
  
   
• 927. 

  N 75/2004
   
• 928. 

  N 536/2003 - Italy (Campania).
  
   
• 929. 

  NN 151/2002 (ex N 113/B/2001).
  
   
• 930. 

  N 429/2003.
  
   
• 931. 

  N 431/2003.
  
   
• 932. 

  OJ L 205, 2.8.2002.
  
   
• 933. 

  OJ C 182, 15.7.2004.
  
   
• 934. 

  N 493/2003 - Germany
   
• 935. 

  N 170/2004
   
• 936. 

  N 335/03 - Italy
   
• 937. 

  N 551/2003 - Italy
   
• 938. 

  N 206/2003- UK - Waterborne Freight Grant. Decision of 20.4.2004.
  
   
• 939. 

  N 649/2001 - UK - Freight Facilities Grant. Decision of 20.12.2001.
  
   
• 940. 

  N 88/04- Belgium
   
• 941. 

  The motorway around Antwerp consists of four lanes in each direction. During the works, the number of lanes will be reduced to two in each direction.
  
   
• 942. 

  N 90/2004 - Denmark
   
• 943. 

  C 32/2003 - France - Sernam 2
   
• 944. 

  C 54/2003 - Germany.
  
   
• 945. 

  N 38/2004
   
• 946. 

  N 599/2003 - Continuation in 2004 and 2005 of a scheme to reduce
   
• 947. 

  NN 19/2004
   
• 948. 

  N 171/2004
   
• 949. 

  N 70/04 - Continuation of the existing scheme for the international shipping register and extension of its scope to passenger vessels plying between Finland and other Member States. Decision of 1.12.2004.
  
   
• 950. 

  N 114/2004.
  
   
• 951. 

  C 64/1999 - Italy - Tirrenia group. Decision of 16.3.2004.
  
   
• 952. 

  Final decision not yet published.
  
   
• 953. 

  C 20/2003, OJ C 145, 21.6.2003.
  
   
• 954. 

  C 65/200, OJ L 196, 25.7.2002.
  
   
• 955. 

  C 76/2002 - Belgium - Charleroi Airport
   
• 956. 

  OJ C 192, 28.7.2004.
  
   
• 957. 

  N 297/2004 - Italy
   
• 958. 

  NN 63/2004 - Portugal - Reprivatisation of SPDH (TAP).
  
   
• 959. 

  See section 4.5 of the 2003 Competition Report and Case C 62/99.
  
   
• 960. 

  CP 114/04 RTP.
  
   
• 961. 

  E 10/2005 (ex CP 660/1999).
  
   
• 962. 

  C 2/2003.
  
   
• 963. 

  C 2/2004.
  
   
• 964. 

  OJ C 320, 15.11.2001.
  
   
• 965. 

  See Chapter 4.5 of the 2003 Competition Report.
  
   
• 966. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 967. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 968. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 969. 

  C 25/04 (ex NN 36/04).
  
   
• 970. 

  OJ C 238, 25.9.2004.
  
   
• 971. 

  Decisions N213/2003 - Project Atlas - Broadband infrastructure scheme for business parks, 9.9.2004; N307/2004 - Broadband in Scotland
   
• 972. 

  Commission staff working paper,
   
• 973. 

  Judgment in Case C-280/00 Altmark Trans and Regierungspräsidium Magdeburg
   
• 974. 

  Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on certain legal aspects relating to cinematographic and other audiovisual works (COM(2001)534 final, 26.9.2001 (OJ C 43, 16.2.2002)). Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on certain legal aspects relating to cinematographic and other audiovisual works of 26.9.2001 (COM(2004)171 final, 16.3.2004 (OJ C 123, 30.4.2004)).
  
   
• 975. 

  N 41/04.
  
   
• 976. 

  N 224/04, http:/europa.eu.int/comm./secretariat_general/sgb/state_aids/comp-2004/n224-04-fr.pdf
  
   
• 977. 

  OJ L 140, 30.4.2004.
  
   
• 978. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 659/1999 of 22 March 1999 laying down detailed rules for the application of Article 93 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 83, 27.3.1999).
  
   
• 979. 

  The relatively high number of German recovery cases can be attributed to some extent to the transitional problems following German unification. As regards the Spanish recovery cases, more than half relate to tax aid measures in the Basque Country.
  
   
• 980. 

  EUR 28 billion for the fifteen old Member States and excluding aid in the agricultural, fisheries, transport and coal-mining sectors.
  
   
• 981. 

  Cases C64/1997 (Westdeutsche Landesbank), C48/2002 (Landesbank Berlin), C69/2002 (Norddeutsche Landesbank), C70/2002 (Bayerische Landesbank), C71/2002 (Hamburgische Landesbank), C72/2002 (Landesbank Schleswig-Holstein), C73/2002 (Landesbank Hessen-Thüringen), Decisions of 20.10.2004.
  
   
• 982. 

  C13B/2003, decision of 2.8.2004.
  
   
• 983. 

  C68/2002, decision of 16.12.2003.
  
   
• 984. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 985. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 986. 

  C88/1997, ECJ Case C-337/04.
  
   
• 987. 

  C38/1998, decision of 6.10.2004.
  
   
• 988. 

  C03/1999, decision of 13.10.2004.
  
   
• 989. 

  C38/1998 (OJ L 12, 15.1.2002).
  
   
• 990. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 991. 

  Decision of 6.10.2004, not yet published in the Official Journal.
  
   
• 992. 

  CFI Cases T-366/00 and T-369/00.
  
   
• 993. 

  Case C03/1999 (OJ L 37, 12.2.2000).
  
   
• 994. 

  ECJ Case C-404/00
   
• 995. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 996. 

  C-186/02 P and C-188/02 P Ramodín SA, Ramodín Cápsulas SA (C 186/02 P) and Territorio Histórico de Álava - Diputación Foral de Álava (C 188/02 P) v Commission.
  
   
• 997. 

  C-278/00.
  
   
• 998. 

  C-159/01.
  
   
• 999. 

  C-110/02.
  
   
• 1000. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 1001. 

  C-345/02.
  
   
• 1002. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 1003. 

  The Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Commission of the European Communities regarding the application of their competition laws was concluded on 23.9.1991. By a joint decision of the Council and the European Commission of 10.4.1995 the Agreement was approved and declared applicable from the date it was signed by the European Commission (OJ L 95, 27.4.1995). On 4.6.1998 the positive comity agreement, which strengthens the positive comity provisions of the 1991 Agreement, entered into force (Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of the United States of America on the application of positive comity principles in the enforcement of their competition laws (OJ L 173, 18.6.1998)).
  
   
• 1004. 

  Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of Canada regarding the application of the competition laws (OJ L 175, 10.7.1999). The Agreement was signed at the EU/Canada Summit in Bonn on 17.6.1999 and entered into force at signature.
  
   
• 1005. 

  Agreement between the European Community and the Government of Japan concerning cooperation on anticompetitive activities (OJ L 183, 22.7.2003). The Cooperation Agreement between the European Community and Japan was signed in Brussels on 10.7.2003 and entered into force on 9.8.2003.
  
   
• 1006. 

  More information on the ICN is available on its web site: www.internationalcompetitionnetwork.org
  
   
• 1007. 

  See www.internationalcompetitionnetwork.org
  
   
• 1008. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 1009. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 1010. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 1011. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 1012. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 1013. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 1014. 

  Council Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003), Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No 411/2004 (OJ L 68, 6.3.2004).
  
   
• 1015. 

  Commission Regulation 773/2004 of 7 April 2004 relating to the conduct of proceedings by the Commission pursuant to Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (OJ L 123, 27.4.2004).
  
   
• 1016. 

  Commission Notice on cooperation within the network of competition authorities (OJ C 101).
  
   
• 1017. 

  Available from the Council register at register.consilium.eu.int (document No 15435/02 ADD 1).
  
   
• 1018. 

  A list of national authorities which have signed the Statement regarding the Commission Notice on Cooperation within the Network of Competition Authorities can be found on the
   
• 1019. 

  According to Case T-353/94 Postbank NV, paragraph 87, business secrets are
   
• 1020. 

  Article 30 of Regulation No 1/2003 and Article 21 of Regulation No 17/62 stipulate that the Commission only needs to take account of
   
• 1021. 

  A report on the main conclusions reached at this Workshop is available at -->
   
• 1022. 

  De Europese Commissie kent nummers toe aan officiële documenten van de Europese Unie. De Commissie maakt onderscheid in een aantal typen documenten door middel van het toekennen van verschillende nummerseries. Het onderscheid is gebaseerd op het soort document en/of de instelling van de Unie van wie het document afkomstig is.
   
• 1023. 

  De Raad van de Europese Unie kent aan wetgevingsdossiers een uniek toe. Dit nummer bestaat uit een vijfcijferig volgnummer gevolgd door een schuine streep met de laatste twee cijfers van het jaartal, bijvoorbeeld 12345/00 - een document met nummer 12345 uit het jaar 2000.
   
• 1024. 

  Het interinstitutionele nummer is een nummerreeks die binnen de Europese Unie toegekend wordt aan voorstellen voor regelgeving van de Europese Commissie.
  Binnen de Europese Unie worden nog een aantal andere nummerseries gebruikt. Iedere instelling heeft één of meerdere sets documenten met ieder een eigen nummering. Die reeksen komen niet overeen met elkaar of het interinstitutioneel nummer.
   
• 1025. 

  Deze databank van de Europese Unie biedt de mogelijkheid de actuele werkzaamheden (workflow) van de Europese instellingen (Europees Parlement, Raad, ESC, Comité van de Regio's, Europese Centrale Bank, Hof van Justitie enz.) te volgen. EURlex volgt alle voorstellen (zoals wetgevende en begrotingsdossiers) en mededelingen van de Commissie, vanaf het moment dat ze aan de Raad of het Europees Parlement worden voorgelegd.
   
• 1026. 

  Als dag van bekendmaking van een Europees besluit geldt de dag waarop het besluit in het Publicatieblad wordt bekendgemaakt, en daardoor in alle officiële talen van de Europese Unie bij het Publicatiebureau beschikbaar is.