SEC(2003)467 - Part One - XXXIInd Report on Competition Policy 2002

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  1. Key information
  2. Key dates
  3. Related information
  4. Full version
  5. EU Monitor

1.

Key information

official title

Report from the Commission - Part One - XXXIInd Report on Competition Policy 2002
 
Legal instrument Report
reference by COM-number1043 SEC(2003)467 EN
Additional COM-numbers SEC(2003)467
CELEX number1046 52003SC0467

2.

Key dates

Document 25-04-2003
Online publication 25-04-2003

3.

Related information

 

4.

Full version

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  • 1. 
    IP/02/806, 3.6.2001.

     
  • 2. 
    OJ C 76 of 27.03.02 p. 12.

     
  • 3. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 4. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 5. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 6. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 7. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 8. 
    See Chapter I.C.6.

     
  • 9. 
    See points 50 et seq.

     
  • 10. 
    See points 61 et seq.

     
  • 11. 
    OJ C 152, 26.6.2002.

     
  • 12. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 13. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 14. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 15. 
    OJ C 119, 22.5.2002.

     
  • 16. 
    Council Regulation on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003).

     
  • 17. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 18. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 19. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 20. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 21. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 22. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 23. 
    OJ C 45, 19.2.2002; see also europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ antitrust/leniency

     
  • 24. 
    As opposed to cases in which illegal price-fixing occurs between undertakings in a vertical relationship, that is, between actors on different levels of the production and/or distribution chain, for example a producer and his distributors.

     
  • 25. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 26. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 27. 
    OJ C 45, 19.2.2002.

     
  • 28. 
    Case COMP/D-1/36.571; IP/02/844, 11.6.2002.

     
  • 29. 
    See points 190 et seq.

     
  • 30. 
    Case COMP/37.519; IP/02/976, 2.7.2002.

     
  • 31. 
    Case COMP/36.700; OJ L 84, 1.4.2003.

     
  • 32. 
    Case COMP/F-3/37.851.

     
  • 33. 
    IP/02/350, 1.3.2002.

     
  • 34. 
    Council Regulation (EEC) No 2988/74 of 26 November 1974 concerning limitation periods in proceedings and the enforcement of sanctions under the rules of the EEC relating to transport and competition (OJ L 319, 29.11.1974). In this case, the limitation period ran from May 1995, five years before the date of the Commission's first inspection at Carlsberg's premises.

     
  • 35. 
    IP/02/1603, 4.11.2002.

     
  • 36. 
    Case COMP/37.784.

     
  • 37. 
    Case COMP/37.978; IP/02/1746, 27.11.2002.

     
  • 38. 
    Case COMP/37.152.

     
  • 39. 
    Case COMP/37.671; IP/02/1907, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 40. 
    Case COMP/37.667; IP/02/1906, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 41. 
    'Specialty graphites' is the general term widely used in the industry to describe a group of graphite products for diverse applications.

     
  • 42. 
    Case COMP/37.956.

     
  • 43. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 44. 
    Case T-136/94, judgment of 11.3.1999.

     
  • 45. 
    OJ C 152, 26.6.2002.

     
  • 46. 
    Cases COMP/C-3/35.587, COMP/C-3/35.706 and COMP/C-3/36.321.

     
  • 47. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 48. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 49. 
    For more details, see the sectoral sections of this Report: Section I.C.4.3. on railway transport, point 133; Section I.C.8. on the Information Society, point 196.

     
  • 50. 
    Case COMP/38.044 IMS Health/NDC.

     
  • 51. 
    Decision of 3.7.2001 (OJ L 59, 28.2.2002), which ordered IMS to license its '1860 brick structure', which segments Germany into 1 860 sales zones.

     
  • 52. 
    Orders of 26.10.2001 in Case T-184/01 R and of 11.4.2002 in Case C-481/01 P(R).

     
  • 53. 
    Case C-418/01.

     
  • 54. 
    Segmentation of the national territory into 1 860 geographical areas, or bricks, for the purpose of aggregating sales data for the pharmaceutical industry in Germany.

     
  • 55. 
    Decision, paragraph 36.

     
  • 56. 
    Pharma Intranet AG was bought by NDC on 16 October 2000.

     
  • 57. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 58. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 59. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 60. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 61. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 62. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 63. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 64. 
    Judgment of the Court of 20.2.1997 in case C-107/95 P Bilanzbuchhalter.

     
  • 65. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 66. 
    On the basis of the ECJ's ruling in Bilanzbuchhalter, an action against the Commission for failure to act was for the first time considered admissible by the CFI in its TF 1 judgment (3.6.1999, Case T-17/96). The CFI was of the opinion that the complainant was in an exceptional situation. However, since the Commission had taken a position before the date of the judgment, there was no need to adjudicate upon the application for failure to act. On appeal, the ECJ (12.7.2001, Joined Cases C-302/99 and C-308/99 P) confirmed that, since the Commission had defined its position and thus deprived the action for failure to act of its object, it had not been necessary for the CFI to examine the admissibility of that action.

     
  • 67. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 68. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 69. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 70. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 71. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 72. 
    OJ C 169, 13.7.2002.

     
  • 73. 
    Council Document 14867/02 of 27.11.2002 for gas and Council Document 14869/02 of 27.11.2002 for electricity.

     
  • 74. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 75. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 76. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 77. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 78. 
    Liquified Natural Gas.

     
  • 79. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 80. 
    See Chapter I.C.6.

     
  • 81. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 82. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 83. 
    'Locational signals'.

     
  • 84. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 85. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 86. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 87. 
    See Chapter I.C.6.

     
  • 88. 
    See points 50 et seq.

     
  • 89. 
    COM(2002) 304 final, 7.6.2002.

     
  • 90. 
    COM(2002) 488 final, 11.9.2002.

     
  • 91. 
    Case COMP/E-4/36.072; IP 02/1084, 17.7.2002.

     
  • 92. 
    Case COMP/E-4/37.732; IP 02/792, 31.5.2002.

     
  • 93. 
    Case COMP/E-4/38.075; IP 02/401, 13.3.2002.

     
  • 94. 
    Case COMP/M.2822; IP 02/1905, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 95. 
    See in this respect the section on state aid, points 386 et seq.

     
  • 96. 
    europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/ energy_transport/home/aids/energy_en.htm

     
  • 97. 
    Directive 2002/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 June 2002 amending Directive 97/67/EC with regard to the further opening to competition of Community postal services.

     
  • 98. 
    In particular, as of 2003 the non-reserved area will include letters weighing more than 100g; this weight limit will not apply if the price is equal to or more than three times the public tariff for an item of correspondence in the first weight step of the fastest category. As of 2006 the non- reserved area will include letters weighing more than 50g; this weight limit will not apply if the price is equal to or more than three times the public tariff for an item of correspondence in the first weight step of the fastest category.

     
  • 99. 
    In 2006 the Commission will complete a study evaluating, for each Member State, the impact on universal service of the completion of the internal postal market in 2009. On the basis of this study the Commission will submit a report to the European Parliament and the Council accompanied by a proposal confirming, if appropriate, the date of 2009 for the full completion of the internal postal market or determining any other step in the light of the study's findings.

     
  • 100. 
    OJ L 108, 24.4.2002 and OJ L 201, 31.7.2002.

     
  • 101. 
    In accordance with Article 15 of the framework directive.

     
  • 102. 
    OJ C 165, 11.7.2002.

     
  • 103. 
    C(2003) 497.

     
  • 104. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 105. 
    COM(1999) 539.

     
  • 106. 
    As successively amended by Directives 94/46, 95/51, 96/2, 96/19 and 1999/64.

     
  • 107. 
    OJ C 96, 27.3.2001.

     
  • 108. 
    OJ L 249, 17.9.2002.

     
  • 109. 
    IP/02/1852, 11.12.2002.

     
  • 110. 
    For more details of the outcome of the sector inquiry, see working document of September 2000 at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ antitrust/others/sector_inquiries/leased_lines/

     
  • 111. 
    For more details of the outcome of the sector inquiry and the individual own-initiative cases, see explanatory memorandum of November 2002 at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ antitrust/others/sector_inquiries/leased_lines/

     
  • 112. 
    OJ L 167, 26.6.2002.

     
  • 113. 
    COM(97) 218 final.

     
  • 114. 
    Cases C-466/98, C-467/98, C-468/98, C-469/98, C-471/98, C-472/98, C-475/98 and C-476/98 against the United Kingdom, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Austria and Germany.

     
  • 115. 
    OJ C 264, 30.10.2002.

     
  • 116. 
    For procedural reasons the OFT took the lead in this case, using its powers under the EC Competition Law Enforcement Regulations 2001. It should be recalled that Council Regulation 3975/87, which lays down detailed rules for the application of Articles 81 and 82, relates only to air transport between EU airports. However, the OFT has powers under the Enforcement Regulations to make a decision on the application of Articles 81 and 82 in relation to (inter alia) air transport between Member States and third countries. In the absence of such powers, the Commission would have had to investigate the alliance using its powers under Article 85, under which it would only have been able to propose measures to be taken to bring infringements to an end.

     
  • 117. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 118. 
    OJ C 76 of 27.03.02 p. 12.

     
  • 119. 
    OJ L 242 of 10.9.2002 p. 25.

     
  • 120. 
    OJ C 306, 10.12.2002.

     
  • 121. 
    OJ C 93, 18.4.2002.

     
  • 122. 
    Cases: T-18/97 Atlantic Container Line and Others v Commission (TACA)
     
  • 123. 
    The Commission has interpreted this provision as allowing capacity regulation only under certain strict conditions (see further below).

     
  • 124. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 125. 
    The CFI referred to the FEFC judgment.

     
  • 126. 
    The decision was taken as a precautionary measure only, to take account of the possibility that the CFI or ECJ might consider that the inland part of an intermodal transport operation fell within the scope of Regulation 4056/86, which does provide for immunity from fines if an agreement is formally notified.

     
  • 127. 
    OECD document DSTI/DOT/(2002)2 'Competition Policy in Liner Shipping - Final Report', Paris, 16 April 2002.

     
  • 128. 
    See XXXIst Competition Report, page 38.

     
  • 129. 
    OJ L 26, 31.1.2001.

     
  • 130. 
    Directive 2001/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2001 amending Council Directive 91/440/EEC on the development of the Community's railways. Directive 2001/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2001 amending Council Directive 95/18/EC on the licensing of railway undertakings. Directive 2001/14/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2001 on the allocation of railway infrastructure capacity and the levying of charges for the use of railway infrastructure and safety certification (OJ L 75, 15.3.2001).

     
  • 131. 
    Case COMP/37.685.

     
  • 132. 
    Case COMP/37.985.

     
  • 133. 
    Compare the merger between the two Spanish pay-TV platforms Canal Satélite Digital and Vía Digital, Case COMP/M.2645 Sogecable/Canalsatélite Digital/Via Digital, subject to a referral to the Spanish authorities, and the merger between the two Italian pay-TV platforms Stream and Telepiú, Case COMP/M.2876 Newscorp/Telepiú.

     
  • 134. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 135. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 136. 
    Case COMP/37.398; UEFA notified its joint-selling arrangement on 1 February 1999 and received a statement of objections on 19 July 2001. UEFA replied on 16 November 2001 and shortly after settlement negotiations were initiated.

     
  • 137. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 138. 
    OJ C 196, 17.8.2002.

     
  • 139. 
    IP/02/806, 3.6.2001.

     
  • 140. 
    See, for example, the Commission decisions in Case IV/26.760 GEMA, decision of 2.6.1971 (OJ L 134, 20.6.1971) and decision of 6.7.1972 (OJ L 166, 24.7.1972); Case IV/29.971 GEMA Statutes, decision of 4.12.1981 (OJ L 94, 8.4.1982); Case 29.839 GVL, decision of 29.10.1981 (OJ L 370, 28.12.1981); or the Court judgments in Phil Collins
     
  • 141. 
    Case COMP/C-2/38.014 IFPI (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry) 'Simulcasting'.

     
  • 142. 
    Simulcasting is the transmission by radio and TV stations of their signal simultaneously and unaltered by traditional means and via the Internet.

     
  • 143. 
    Cases COMP/C-2/34.657 Sammelrevers; COMP/C-2/37.906 Internetbuchhandel; COMP/C-2/38.019 Proxis/KNO et al.; IP/02/461, 22.3.2002.

     
  • 144. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 145. 
    Commission Regulation (EC) No 1475/95 of 28 June 1995 on the application of Article 81(3) of the Treaty to certain categories of motor vehicle distribution and servicing agreements (OJ L 145, 29.6.1995); press release IP/02/1073 and Commission document MEMO/02/174, 17.7.2002.

     
  • 146. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 147. 
    OJ L 203, 1.8.2002.

     
  • 148. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 149. 
    Report on the evaluation of Regulation (EC) No 1475/95 on the application of Article 85(3) (now 81(3)) of the Treaty to certain categories of motor vehicle distribution and servicing agreements, 15.11.2000, COM(2000) 743 final; see also 2000 Competition Report, points 112 to 115.

     
  • 150. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 151. 
    OJ L 336, 29.12.1999.

     
  • 152. 
    For example, in regard to access by independent repairers to technical information, tools, equipment - including diagnostic equipment - and training, or in regard to access to the market in spare parts produced by original-equipment manufacturers. Moreover, the application of this regulation would not take account of the cumulative effect of virtually identical agreements in motor vehicle distribution. In regard to vehicle sales, this regulation would, on the contrary, not bring any progress towards market integration or towards, say, multi-branding.

     
  • 153. 
    The hearing was held on 13 and 14 February 2000 and brought together more than 350 participants. Participants' contributions may be consulted via the 'Car sector' section of the Competition Directorate-General's website: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/, under 'Hearings and speeches'.

     
  • 154. 
    These two studies may be consulted on the Competition Directorate-General's website: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/. 'The Natural Link between Sales and Service' (Autopolis), 'Car Price Differentials in the European Union: An Economic Analysis' (Hans Degryse and Frank Verboven - KU Leuven and CEPR). See also 2000 Competition Report, point 113.

     
  • 155. 
    The terms of reference of this study, and the study itself, may be consulted on the Competition Directorate-General's website: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/. This study, which was carried out by Arthur Andersen, may be consulted at the above-mentioned Internet address.

     
  • 156. 
    'Customer preferences for existing and potential Sales and Servicing Alternatives in Automotive Distribution', Dr Lademan
     
  • 157. 
    Among these sources, mention may be made of the study commissioned by the Association of European Carmakers (ACEA), which deals inter alia with the economic effects of alternative distribution systems.

     
  • 158. 
    See the cases Volkswagen I (Commission decision of 28.1.1998, OJ L 124, 25.4.1999), Volkswagen II (Commission decision of 29.6.2001, OJ L 262, 2.10.2001), Opel (Commission decision of 20.9.2000, OJ L 59, 28.2.2001) and DaimlerChrysler (Commission decision of 10.10.2001, OJ L 257, 25.9.2002).

     
  • 159. 
    Draft published in OJ C 67, 16.3.2002.

     
  • 160. 
    Report by Dr Konrad - A5-0144/2002, published on the European Parliament's website in the section entitled 'Activities - Committees - Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs' (www.europarl.eu.int).

     
  • 161. 
    OJ C 221, 17.9.2002.

     
  • 162. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 163. 
    In Article 1(n), motor vehicles are defined as being self-propelled vehicles intended for use on public roads and having three or more road wheels (viz., passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks, buses and coaches).

     
  • 164. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 165. 
    This non-exemption of location clauses will be effective as from 1 October 2005. See Articles 5(2)(b) and 12(2) of Regulation 1400/2002.

     
  • 166. 
    'Multi-branding' means the ability to represent more than one competing brand belonging to different groups of undertakings.

     
  • 167. 
    The availability clause enables British and Irish consumers, say, to purchase right-hand-drive vehicles on the Continent.

     
  • 168. 
    The latter include various categories of operator, from independent garage owners to specialist service centres (e.g. body shops, electronics fitters), through chains active especially in standardised repairs and servicing.

     
  • 169. 
    Manufacturers' market shares in after-sales servicing are in principle higher than the 30% threshold laid down in Regulation 1400/2002 for the sale of spare parts and the provision of after-sales services. Consequently, servicing will be governed by a qualitative selective system.

     
  • 170. 
    See the non-exhaustive list of these independent operators in Article 4(2) of Regulation 1400/2002.

     
  • 171. 
    The Competition Directorate-General's explanatory brochure is available in the 11 official languages both on paper and on the Competition DG's website (europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/). It is not legally binding. See also Commission press release IP/02/1392, 30.9.2002.

     
  • 172. 
    To this end the Commission asked Professor Verboven of Katholieke Universiteit van Leuven to carry out a 'Quantitative Study to define the Relevant Market in the Passenger Car Sector'. The study may be consulted in the 'Car Sector' section of the Competition Directorate-General website, under 'Studies'. It is of a purely consultative nature and does not prejudge the outcome of the Commission's market analysis in individual cases.

     
  • 173. 
    See press releases IP/02/305, 25.2.2002 and IP/02/1109, 22.7.2002.

     
  • 174. 
    See press release IP/01/1051, 23.7.2001.

     
  • 175. 
    Segments A and B (small cars), C (medium-sized cars), D (upper-medium cars), E (executive cars), F (luxury cars) and G (multi-purpose vehicles, sports cars)

     
  • 176. 
    In this connection, Volkswagen has lodged an application for annulment of the judgment of the Court of First Instance of 6 July 2000 (Case T-62/98
     
  • 177. 
    Case Comp/D-1/29.373 (OJ L 318, 22.11.2002).

     
  • 178. 
    Case Comp/D-1/36.571, not yet published in the Official Journal.

     
  • 179. 
    OJ C 163, 9.7.2002.

     
  • 180. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 181. 
    Case C-35/96 Commission v Italy
     
  • 182. 
    Case T-513/93 Consiglio Nazionale degli Spedizionieri Doganali v Commission
     
  • 183. 
    Case T-144/99. Known as the IMA case (in French) or EPI (in English),
     
  • 184. 
    Case C-35/99
     
  • 185. 
    Case C-309/99
     
  • 186. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 187. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 188. 
    The contractor, chosen after an open tender competition, is the Institute for Advanced Studies, a non-profit organisation based in Vienna.

     
  • 189. 
    Case C 22/2001.

     
  • 190. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 191. 
    COMP/M.2416 - Tetra Laval/Sidel, 30.1.2002.

     
  • 192. 
    COMP/M.2283 - Schneider/Legrand, 30.1.2002.

     
  • 193. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 194. 
    M.2547.

     
  • 195. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 196. 
    COMP/M.2495 - Haniel/Fels, 21.2.2002.

     
  • 197. 
    COMP/M.2568 - Haniel/Ytong, 9.4.2002.

     
  • 198. 
    COMP/M.2650 - Haniel/Cementbouw/JV (CVK), 26.6.2002.

     
  • 199. 
    In October 2001, at the same time that the Commission had started its in-depth investigation into the Dutch building materials market, it had referred the review of the transaction's impact in the relevant German markets to the German Federal Cartel Office. Subsequently the Commission also referred the German aspects of Haniel's acquisition of Ytong to the Federal Cartel Office. Both deals were subsequently cleared subject to commitments.

     
  • 200. 
    COMP/M.2706 - Carnival
     
  • 201. 
    COMP/M.2822 - ENBW/ENI/GVS, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 202. 
    Judgment of the Court of First Instance in Case T-342/99 Airtours plc v Commission of the European Communities.

     
  • 203. 
    Case No IV/M.1524 - Airtours/First Choice

     
  • 204. 
    Decision, paragraph 54.

     
  • 205. 
    Judgment, paragraph 53.

     
  • 206. 
    Judgment, paragraph 120.

     
  • 207. 
    Judgment, paragraph 133.

     
  • 208. 
    Judgment, paragraph 62.

     
  • 209. 
    Judgment, paragraph 180.

     
  • 210. 
    Judgment, paragraph 207.

     
  • 211. 
    Judgment, paragraph 277.

     
  • 212. 
    Judgment of the Court of First Instance in Case T-310/01 Schneider Electric SA v Commission of the European Communities.

     
  • 213. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 214. 
    Communication on the repercussions of the terrorist attacks in the United States on the air transport industry, COM (2001) 574.

     
  • 215. 
    Case T-77/02.

     
  • 216. 
    Judgment of the Court of First Instance in Case T-05/02 Tetra Laval v Commission of the European Communities.

     
  • 217. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 218. 
    COMP/M.2621 - SEB/Moulinex, 8.1.2002.

     
  • 219. 
    COMP/M.2544 - Masterfoods/Royal Canin, 15.2.2002.

     
  • 220. 
    COMP/M.2690 - Solvay/Montedison - Ausimont, 9.4.2002.

     
  • 221. 
    COMP/M.2779 - Imperial Tobacco/Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken, 8.5.2002.

     
  • 222. 
    COMP/M.2817 - Barilla/BPL/Kamps, 25.6.2002.

     
  • 223. 
    COMP/M.2761 - BP/Veba Oel, 1.7.2002.

     
  • 224. 
    COMP/M.2533 - BP/E.ON, 20.12.2001.

     
  • 225. 
    COMP/M.2803 - Telia/Sonera, 10.7.2002.

     
  • 226. 
    COMP/M.2854 - RAG/Degussa, 18.11.2002.

     
  • 227. 
    M.2621, SEB/Moulinex, 8.1.2002; M.2502, Cargill/Cerestar, 18.1.2002; M.2683, Aker Maritime/Kvaerner (II), 23.1.2002; M.2662, Danish Crown/Steff-Houlberg, 14.2.2002; M.2639, Compass/Restorama/Rail Gourmet, 26.2.2002; M.2730, Connex/DNVBVG/JV, 24.4.2002; M.2760, Nehlsen/Rethmann/SWB/Bremerhaven, 30.5.2002; M.2845, Sogecable/Canalsatélite/Via Digital, 14.8.2002; M. 2881, Koninklijke BAM NBM/HBG, 3.9.2002; M.2898, Leroy Merlin/Brico, 13.12.2002; and M.2857, Electrabel Customer Solutions/Intercommunale d'Electricité du Hainaut, 23.12.2002.

     
  • 228. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 229. 
    M.2698, Promatech/Sulzer, 17.4.2002; M.2738, GEES/Unison, 17.4.2002.

     
  • 230. 
    Aker Maritime/Kvaerner II.

     
  • 231. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 232. 
    See above.

     
  • 233. 
    COMP/M.2502 - Cargill/Cerestar, 18.1.2002.

     
  • 234. 
    COMP/M.2683 - Aker Maritime/Kvaerner (II), 23.1.2002.

     
  • 235. 
    COMP/M.2662 - Danish Crown/Steff-Houlberg, 14. 2.2002.

     
  • 236. 
    COMP/M.2639 - Compass/Restorama/Rail Gourmet/Gourmet Nova, 26.2.2002.

     
  • 237. 
    COMP/M.2730 - Connex/DNVBVG/JV, 24.4.2002.

     
  • 238. 
    COMP/M.2760 - Nehlsen/ Rethmann/ SWB/ Bremerhavener Entsorgungsgesellschaft, 30.5.2002.

     
  • 239. 
    COMP/M.2845 - Sogecable/ Canalsatélite Digital/ Vìa Digital, 14.8.2002.

     
  • 240. 
    COMP/M.2881 - Hollandsche Beton Groep/Koninklijk BAM NBM, 3.9.2002.

     
  • 241. 
    COMP/M.2898.

     
  • 242. 
    COMP/M.2857 - ECS/IEH, 23.12.2002.

     
  • 243. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 244. 
    COMP/M.2698 - Promatech/Sulzer Textil, 16.4.2002.

     
  • 245. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 246. 
    COMP/M.2738 - GEES/Unison, 17.4.2002.

     
  • 247. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 248. 
    COM(2001) 745 final.

     
  • 249. 
    OJ L 395, 30.12.1989; corrected version, OJ L 257, 21.9.1990.

     
  • 250. 
    In its Report of 28 June 2000 to the Council on the application of the Merger Regulation thresholds, the Commission concluded that there were strong indications that the existing thresholds should be revised, so as to better cover all concentrations with a Community interest. It set out, moreover, a number of other jurisdictional, substantive and procedural issues that would merit a more in-depth discussion (see COM(2000) 399 final, 28.6.2000).

     
  • 251. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 1310/97 (OJ L 180, 9.7.1997); corrigendum in OJ L 40, 13.2.1998.

     
  • 252. 
    europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ mergers/review/comments.html

     
  • 253. 
    Case T-102/96 Gencor v Commission
     
  • 254. 
    The calculation of the time limits laid down in the Merger Regulation and in the Implementing Regulation will be simplified and rendered more transparent by expressing all deadlines in terms of working days (WD), with one week generally having five working days, except if it includes official Commission holidays.

     
  • 255. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 256. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 257. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 258. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 259. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 260. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 261. 
    The EU/US Mergers Working Group was originally set up in 1999, and its principal activity before September 2001 consisted in discussions on the respective EU and US approaches to remedies in merger cases. This proved to be a highly productive experience for all three agencies.

     
  • 262. 
    The Commission has been cooperating closely with its US counterparts, the United States Department of Justice's Antitrust Division and the US Federal Trade Commission, since the entry into force of the EU's Merger Regulation in 1990. That cooperation was put on a firm footing with the conclusion of the EU-US Agreement on the application of their competition laws in 1991. EU-US cooperation has been particularly close in investigations of many of the large cross-border mergers which fall to be scrutinised in both jurisdictions. Inter-agency contacts have served to minimise the risk of divergent outcomes and have underpinned a process of substantive convergence in their analytical approaches.

     
  • 263. 
    Communication from the Commission - Multisectoral framework on regional aid for large investment projects (OJ C 70, 19.3.2002).

     
  • 264. 
    OJ C 111, 8.5.2002.

     
  • 265. 
    OJ L 337, 13.12.2002.

     
  • 266. 
    OJ L 10, 13.1.2001.

     
  • 267. 
    Communication from the Commission concerning certain aspects of the treatment of competition cases resulting from the expiry of the ECSC Treaty, points 18-21 (OJ C 152, 26.6.2002).

     
  • 268. 
    Communication from the Commission - Multisectoral framework on regional aid for large investment projects, point 27 (OJ C 70, 19.3.2002).

     
  • 269. 
    Communication from the Commission - Rescue and restructuring aid and closure aid for the steel sector (OJ C 70, 19.3.2002).

     
  • 270. 
    OJ L 205, 2.8.2002.

     
  • 271. 
    OJ L 107, 30.4.1996.

     
  • 272. 
    OJ C 384, 10.12.1998.

     
  • 273. 
    IP/01/982.

     
  • 274. 
    See separate chapter below.

     
  • 275. 
    Case C-482/99 France v Commission
     
  • 276. 
    Case NN 27/2000, decision of 22.5.2002.

     
  • 277. 
    Case C-379/98 Preussen Elektra AG v Schleswag AG
     
  • 278. 
    Case N 661/99, decision of 1.3.2002.

     
  • 279. 
    See footnote 202.

     
  • 280. 
    Case C 54/00.

     
  • 281. 
    Case C 47/97.

     
  • 282. 
    Case NN 2/2002, decision of 4.6.2002.

     
  • 283. 
    OJ C 384, 10.12.1998.

     
  • 284. 
    Case E 1/00.

     
  • 285. 
    Case C 18/2001 (ex N 123/2000), decision of 3.4.2002.

     
  • 286. 
    Case N 42/2001 (ex NN 14/2001, decision of 22.6.2002.

     
  • 287. 
    Case C 30/02 (ex NN 36/2002).

     
  • 288. 
    Case C 47/2001 (ex NN 42/2000).

     
  • 289. 
    OJ L 27, 30.1.1997.

     
  • 290. 
    Case N 661/1999.

     
  • 291. 
    Commission letter SG (2001) D/290869, 6.8.2001.

     
  • 292. 
    Case C 55/01.

     
  • 293. 
    Case C 71/01.

     
  • 294. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 295. 
    See for instance its judgments of 12 December 2002 in Case C-5/01 Belgium v Commission and 23 October 2002 in Joined Cases T-269/99, T-271/99 and T-272/99 and T-346/99, T-347/99 and T-348/99 Diputación Foral de Giupúzcoa and Others v Commission, not yet reported.

     
  • 296. 
    OJ C 384, 10.12.1998.

     
  • 297. 
    Case C 16/2002 (ex E 5/2000).

     
  • 298. 
    Case C 48/2001 (ex NN 43/2000).

     
  • 299. 
    Case C 29/02.

     
  • 300. 
    OJ C 288, 9.10.1999.

     
  • 301. 
    Case NN 161/02.

     
  • 302. 
    Case NN 5/02.

     
  • 303. 
    Case N 804/01 (OJ C 238, 3.10.2002).

     
  • 304. 
    Case N 461/01 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002).

     
  • 305. 
    Case C 64/00, not yet published.

     
  • 306. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 307. 
    Cases C 18 and C 19/2001.

     
  • 308. 
    Case N 863/2001.

     
  • 309. 
    Case N 520/01 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002).

     
  • 310. 
    Case N 345/2002, decision of 14.11.2002.

     
  • 311. 
    See footnote 218.

     
  • 312. 
    Case N 702/B/01, decision of 3.8.2002.

     
  • 313. 
    Case N 652/2001, decision of 1.2.2002.

     
  • 314. 
    Case N 291/2002, decision of 8.8.2002.

     
  • 315. 
    See footnote 234.

     
  • 316. 
    Case N 179/02.

     
  • 317. 
    Case C 35/02 (ex NN 10/2000).

     
  • 318. 
    See footnote 188.

     
  • 319. 
    Case N 222/A/02.

     
  • 320. 
    Case N 844/01.

     
  • 321. 
    Case C 86/01.

     
  • 322. 
    Case C 72/01.

     
  • 323. 
    Case N 240/02.

     
  • 324. 
    Case N 319/02.

     
  • 325. 
    See footnote 188.

     
  • 326. 
    Case C 47/2002 (ex N 137/2002), decision of 2.7.2002.

     
  • 327. 
    Case N 285/01.

     
  • 328. 
    Case N 599/A/2.001.

     
  • 329. 
    OJ C 1, 3.1.1997.

     
  • 330. 
    OJ C 334, 12.12.1995. Following the decision reported here, on 12 December 2002 the Commission adopted Regulation (EC) No 2204/2002 (OJ L 337, 13.12.2002), which sets out the criteria it will henceforth apply in similar cases. This does not affect the Commission's analysis in the case in point.

     
  • 331. 
    Case N 376/01.

     
  • 332. 
    Case N 860/01.

     
  • 333. 
    Council Regulation 1177/2002 of 27.6.2002.

     
  • 334. 
    Case N 513/01.

     
  • 335. 
    Case C 64/01.

     
  • 336. 
    See footnote 188.

     
  • 337. 
    Case N 121/2001.

     
  • 338. 
    Case C 23/02.

     
  • 339. 
    Case C 92/02.

     
  • 340. 
    Case N 316/02.

     
  • 341. 
    Case C 75/02.

     
  • 342. 
    Case C 26/02.

     
  • 343. 
    OJ L 329, 30.12.1993.

     
  • 344. 
    OJ L 205, 2.8.2002.

     
  • 345. 
    Commission decision of 2.10.2001, ECSC 1/2002 (OJ L 56, 27.2.2002) (aid covering 2002); Commission decision of 2.10.2002, ECSC 550/2002 (aid covering costs from 24 July 2002).

     
  • 346. 
    Commission decision of 2.10.2002, ECSC 551/2002.

     
  • 347. 
    Commission decision of 2.7.2002, ECSC 2/2002 (aid covering costs until 23 July 2002); Commission decision of 12.6.2002 ECSC 6/2002 (aid covering costs from 24 July 2002).

     
  • 348. 
    Commission decision of 20.3.2002, ECSC 9/2001; Commission decision of 5.6.2002, ECSC 10/2001; Commission decision of 17.7.2002, ECSC 11/2001 and ECSC 12/2001.

     
  • 349. 
    Commission decision of 7.5.2002.

     
  • 350. 
    Case C 9/2002.

     
  • 351. 
    Case C 12/2002.

     
  • 352. 
    Case C 10/2002.

     
  • 353. 
    Case C 8/2002.

     
  • 354. 
    Case C 20/2001.

     
  • 355. 
    Case C 95/2001.

     
  • 356. 
    Case C 25/2002.

     
  • 357. 
    C 27/2002.

     
  • 358. 
    European transport policy 2010: time to decide.

     
  • 359. 
    Case NN 170/2001, decision of 13.2.2002 (OJ C 98, 23.4.2002).

     
  • 360. 
    Case N 356/2002 - Network Rail, decision of 17.7.2002 (OJ C 232, 28.9.2002).

     
  • 361. 
    Case N 706/2002 (OJ C 130, 1.6.2002) and Case N 523/2002 (OJ C 262, 29.10.2002).

     
  • 362. 
    Case N 784/2001 - Aid for Danish private railways, decision of 27.2.2002 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 363. 
    Case N 643/2001- Austria - Programme of aid for the development of railway sidings, decision of 19.6.2002 (OJ C 178, 26.7.2002).

     
  • 364. 
    Case N 308/2002 - Promotion of investments for railway infrastructure, decision of 18.9.2002 (OJ C 277, 14.11.2002).

     
  • 365. 
    Case N 287/02, not yet published.

     
  • 366. 
    Case N 644/2001- Austrian State Fund ERP, decision of 27.2.2002 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002); Case N 406/2002 - Support of transshipment facilities in combined transport, decision of 2.10. 2002 (OJ C 292, 27.11.2002).

     
  • 367. 
    Case N 638/2001 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 368. 
    Case NN 134/2002 (ex N 841/01) - New private pilot combined transport service linking Munich to Verona (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 369. 
    Pilot Actions for Combined Transport programme, decision of 25.7. 2001.

     
  • 370. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 371. 
    Case C 63/2000 (ex NN 102/00) (OJ L 211, 7.8.2002).

     
  • 372. 
    Case C 51/2002 (ex N 840/2001) (OJ C 212, 6.9.2002).

     
  • 373. 
    Case N 833/2001 (OJ C 242, 8.10.2002).

     
  • 374. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 375. 
    OJ L 10, 13.1.2001.

     
  • 376. 
    Case C 11/2002 (ex N 382/01) - Italy (Piedmont) - Reduction of tolls for certain heavy goods vehicles in order to divert them from the Lake Maggiore State road 33 to the A/26 motorway (OJ C 87, 11.4.2002); Case C 14/2002 (ex NN 72/01) - Portugal - Reduction of tolls for certain heavy goods vehicles, coaches and buses adopted following the rise in oil prices in summer/autumn 2000 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 377. 
    Case N 762/2001 - Investment aid scheme of the autonomous region of Madeira, decision of 27.2.2002; Case N 646/00 - Italy, decision of 7.5.2002; Case N 507/2001 - Portugal - Siriart, decision of 7.5.2002 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002).

     
  • 378. 
    Case N 203/2002, decision of 18.9.2002 (OJ C 9, 15.1.2003).

     
  • 379. 
    Case N 337/02 - Spain (Community of Madrid) - Aid for the acquisition of public transport vehicles adapted to persons with reduced mobility, decision of 27.11.2002, not yet published.

     
  • 380. 
    Case N 100/01 - Subsidies for certain environmentally friendly lorries, decision of 22.5.2002 (OJ C 154, 28.6.2002).

     
  • 381. 
    N 600/B/2001, decision of 16.10.2002.

     
  • 382. 
    Netherlands (doc. 8032/02
     
  • 383. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 384. 
    Case C 24/2001 - Italy; Case C 25/2001 - France; Case C 26/2001 - Netherlands.

     
  • 385. 
    Case N 264/2002 (OJ C 309, 12.12.2002).

     
  • 386. 
    COM (2001) 370.

     
  • 387. 
    Case N 471/2002 - Austria.

     
  • 388. 
    Case C 65/2000 (ex N 679/2000) (OJ L 196, 25.7.2002).

     
  • 389. 
    Case N 736/01 - Spain, decision of 27.2.2002; Case N 563/01 - Denmark, decision of 12.3.2002 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002); Case N 195/02 - Finland, decision of 16.10.2002; Case N504/2002 - Ireland, decision of 15.12.2002.

     
  • 390. 
    Case C 56/2001 (OJ L 314, 18.11.2002).

     
  • 391. 
    Case C 97/2001 (ex N 93/2001) - Maritime transport safety, decision of 20.12. 2001.

     
  • 392. 
    N 781/01 - Maritime services in Corsica (OJ C 186, 6.8.2002).

     
  • 393. 
    Case NN 27/2002, not yet published.

     
  • 394. 
    Case C 58/02 (ex N 118/2002). OJ C 308, 11.12.2002.

     
  • 395. 
    Case N 519/02 - Extension of a scheme to reduce social charges in the maritime cabotage sector, decision of 6.9.2002 (OJ C 262, 29.10.2002).

     
  • 396. 
    Case C 62/02 (ex N 221/02) (OJ C 269, 5.11.2002).

     
  • 397. 
    Case NN 94/2002 - Germany, decision of 30.10.2002, not yet published.

     
  • 398. 
    Case N 438/02 - Belgium, decision of 16.10.2002 (OJ C 284, 21.11.2002).

     
  • 399. 
    Case NN 116/1998 - Denmark, decision of 13.11.2002.

     
  • 400. 
    Case N 662/2002 - France, decision of 2.12.2002.

     
  • 401. 
    Case N 661/2002 - Ireland, decision of 2.12.2002, OJ C 15, 22.1.2003.

     
  • 402. 
    Communication on the repercussions of the terrorist attacks in the United States on the air transport industry, COM (2001) 574.

     
  • 403. 
    Communication of 2.7.2002, COM(2002) 320 final.

     
  • 404. 
    Ireland: Case NN 34/2002 - Aviation Insurance scheme, decision of 27.02.2002; Netherlands: Case NN 35/2002 - State-guaranteed scheme for covering aviation risks, decision of 27.2.2002; United Kingdom: Case NN 43/2002 - Extension of Airline Insurance, decision of 27.2.2002; Finland: Case NN 45/2002, decision of 6.3.2002.

     
  • 405. 
    France: Case N 806/2001 (OJ C 59, 6.3.2002); United Kingdom: Case N 854/2001 (OJ C 98, 23.4.2002); Germany: Case N 269/2002, not yet published.

     
  • 406. 
    Case C 42/2002 (ex N 286/2002) (OJ C 170, 16.7.2002).

     
  • 407. 
    Case C 42/2002 (ex N 286/2002), not yet published.

     
  • 408. 
    Case C 65/2002 (ex N 262/2002) (OJ C 309, 12.12.2002).

     
  • 409. 
    Case C 19/2002 (ex NN 133/2000) (OJ C 98, 23.4.2002).

     
  • 410. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 411. 
    OJ L 128, 21.5.1999; OJ L 273, 25.10.1994.

     
  • 412. 
    In the light of Article 87(1) of the Treaty.

     
  • 413. 
    Case N 132/02.

     
  • 414. 
    Cases C 54/96 et N 318/02, not yet published.

     
  • 415. 
    OJ C 324, 24.12.2002

     
  • 416. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 417. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 418. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 419. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 420. 
    Case N 567/2002.

     
  • 421. 
    Case N 581/2002.

     
  • 422. 
    Case N 595/2002.

     
  • 423. 
    Case N 647/2002.

     
  • 424. 
    Case N 682/2002.

     
  • 425. 
    Case N 143/2002.

     
  • 426. 
    Case N 30/2002.

     
  • 427. 
    Letter SG(2001) D/286564, 28.2.2001.

     
  • 428. 
    Letter SG(2001) D/286847, 13.3.2001.

     
  • 429. 
    OJ C 252, 12.9.2001.

     
  • 430. 
    Case C 22/2001.

     
  • 431. 
    Case C 21/2002 (ex NN 14/2002).

     
  • 432. 
    Case C 49/2002.

     
  • 433. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 434. 
    Case C-126/01 Ministre de l'économie, des finances et de l'industrie v GEMO SA.

     
  • 435. 
    Case C 91/2001 (ex N 568/2001) (OJ C 37, 9.2.2002).

     
  • 436. 
    Joined Cases T-197/97 and T-198/97, judgment of 31.1.2001.

     
  • 437. 
    OJ C 19, 20.1.2001.

     
  • 438. 
    Council Regulation No 2369/2002 amending Regulation (EC) No 2792/1999 laying down the detailed rules and arrangements regarding Community structural assistance in the fisheries sector (OJ L 358, 31.12.2002).

     
  • 439. 
    Case N 546/2001.

     
  • 440. 
    Cases C 83 and C 84/2001.

     
  • 441. 
    Cases NN 159/2001 and NN 107/2002.

     
  • 442. 
    Case E 47/2002.

     
  • 443. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 444. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 445. 
    Case C 62/00.

     
  • 446. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 447. 
    Decision 2002/114/EC (OJ L 43, 14.2.2002).

     
  • 448. 
    OJ L 66, 14.3.2000.

     
  • 449. 
    OJ L 29, 31.1.2001.

     
  • 450. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 451. 
    Case C-110/02 Commission v Council, not yet reported.

     
  • 452. 
    Case COMP C 18/99, Decision 2000/524/EC (OJ L 211, 22.8.2000).

     
  • 453. 
    OJ L 193, 26.7.1999.

     
  • 454. 
    OJ L 75, 24.3.2000.

     
  • 455. 
    OJ L 76, 25.3.2000.

     
  • 456. 
    In accordance with the definitions laid down in several Commission communications, services of general interest (SGIs) comprise general interest services of a non-economic and economic nature, whereas services of general economic interest (SGEIs) are confined to general interest services of an economic nature.

     
  • 457. 
    For a short summary of the general principles applicable in this field, please refer to Section IV.1, points 487-489, of the 2001 Competition Report.

     
  • 458. 
    In particular, Cases T-106/95 FFSA and Others v Commission
     
  • 459. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 460. 
    Case C-53/00
     
  • 461. 
    Opinion of 19 March 2002 in Case C-280/00.

     
  • 462. 
    Case C-126/01.

     
  • 463. 
    Joined Cases C-34/01 to C-38/01.

     
  • 464. 
    Report on the status of work on the guidelines for state aid and services of general economic interest. COM(2002) 280 final.

     
  • 465. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 466. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 467. 
    COM(2002) 636 final.

     
  • 468. 
    Case C 88/97.

     
  • 469. 
    Case C 47/98.

     
  • 470. 
    Case C 27/99.

     
  • 471. 
    OJ C 17, 17.1.2001.

     
  • 472. 
    OJ C 150, 22.6.2002.

     
  • 473. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 474. 
    The benefits paid perform an exclusively social function where they are prescribed by law and not proportional to the amount of the compulsory contributions.

     
  • 475. 
    Case C-218/00
     
  • 476. 
    Judgment of 24.10.2002 in Case C-82/01 P, not yet reported.

     
  • 477. 
    Case T-128/98 Aéroports de Paris v Commission
     
  • 478. 
    Case T-175/99
     
  • 479. 
    Proposal on action by Member States concerning public service requirements and the award of public service contracts in passenger transport by rail, road and inland waterway, COM(2002) 107 final.

     
  • 480. 
    Ibid, recitals 11, 14 and 17

     
  • 481. 
    Directive 2002/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 June 2002 amending Directive 97/67/EC with regard to the further opening to competition of Community postal services.

     
  • 482. 
    COM(2002) 488 final, 11.9.2002; see also IP/02/1288.

     
  • 483. 
    COM(2002) 304 final, 7.6.2002.

     
  • 484. 
    See Section I.C.1 above.

     
  • 485. 
    In addition to the already mentioned Cyprus.

     
  • 486. 
    The EC-Turkey Association Council of December 2001 adopted single implementing rules as requested under the Customs Union Decision of 1995, covering both rules for undertakings and state aid control.

     
  • 487. 
    Decision 1/96 of the EU-Czech Association Council of 30 January 1996 (OJ L 31, 9.2.1996).

     
  • 488. 
    Decision 1/96 of the EU-Poland Association Council of 16 July 1996 (OJ L 208, 17.8.1996).

     
  • 489. 
    Decision 1/96 of the EU-Slovak Association Council of 15 August 1996 (OJ L 295, 20.11.1996).

     
  • 490. 
    Decision 2/96 of the EU-Hungary Association Council of 6 November 1996 (OJ L 295, 20.11.1996) superseded by Decision 1/2002, see footnote 403.

     
  • 491. 
    Decision 2/97 of the EU-Bulgaria Association Council of 7 October 1997 (OJ L 15, 21.1.1998).

     
  • 492. 
    Decision 1/99 of the EU-Romania Association Council of 16 March 1999 (OJ L 96, 10.4.1999).

     
  • 493. 
    Decision 1/99 of the EU-Estonia Association Council of 28 April 1999 (OJ L 144, 9.6.1999).

     
  • 494. 
    Decision 4/99 of the EU-Lithuania Association Council of 26 May 1999 (OJ L 156, 23.6.1999).

     
  • 495. 
    Decision 4/2000 of the EU-Slovenia Association Council of 21 December 2000 (OJ L 130, 12.5.2001).

     
  • 496. 
    Decision 5/2001 of the EU-Latvia Association Council of 25 April 2001 (OJ L 183, 6.7.2001).

     
  • 497. 
    Decision 1/2002 of the EU-Hungary Association Council of 29 January 2002 (OJ L 145, 4.6.2002).

     
  • 498. 
    Decision 1/98 of the EU-Czech Association Council of 24 June 1998 (OJ L 195, 11.7.1998).

     
  • 499. 
    Decision 2/2001 of the EU-Lithuania Association Council of 22 February 2001 (OJ 98, 7.4.2001).

     
  • 500. 
    Decision 4/2001 of the EU-Latvia Association Council of 20 March 2001 (OJ L 163, 20.6.2001).

     
  • 501. 
    Decision 4/2001 of the EU-Romania Association Council of 10 April 2001 (OJ 138, 22.5.2001).

     
  • 502. 
    Decision 2/2001 of the EU-Slovenia Association Council of 3 May 2001 (OJ 163, 20.6.2001).

     
  • 503. 
    Decision 3/2001 of the EU-Poland Association Council of 23 May 2001 (OJ L 215, 9.8.2001).

     
  • 504. 
    Decision 2/2001 of the EU-Bulgaria Association Council of 23 May 2001 (OJ L 216, 10.8.2001).

     
  • 505. 
    Decision 6/2001 of the EU-Slovakia Association Council of 22 November 2001 (OJ L 48, 20.2.2002).

     
  • 506. 
    Decision 1/2002 of the EU-Estonia Association Council of 15 January 2002 (OJ L 299, 1.11.2002).

     
  • 507. 
    See point above.

     
  • 508. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of the United States of America regarding the application of their competition laws (OJ L 95, 27.4.1995, as corrected by OJ L 131, 15.6.1995).

     
  • 509. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of the United States of America on the application of positive comity principles in the enforcement of their competition laws (OJ L 173, 18.6.1998).

     
  • 510. 
    Adopted on 17.9.2002 (COM(2002) 505 final).

     
  • 511. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of Canada regarding the application of their competition laws (OJ L 175, 10.7.1999).

     
  • 512. 
    Adopted on 17.9.2002 (COM(2002) 505 final).

     
  • 513. 
    COM(2002) 230 final, 8.5.2002, available online at europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/com/pdf/ 2002/com2002_0230en01.pdf

     
  • 514. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of Canada regarding the application of their competition laws (OJ L 175, 10.7.1999).

     
  • 515. 
    Available online at www.usdoj.gov/atr/public/ international/docs/3740.htm

     
  • 516. 
    WT/WGTCP/184.

     
  • 517. 
    The agenda will include the following topics: (1) an in-depth review of South Africa's competition institutions; (2) a discussion on optimal design of competition institutions and the objectives of competition law and policy; and (3) a discussion on the role of competition policy in a small economy.

     
  • 518. 
    A competition law dealing with both antitrust and unfair competition was passed in 1993. The Chinese authorities dealt with 285 cases involving restrictive business practices and 203 cases involving monopolisation attempts in 2001 (the case load in 2001 exceeded the total load for the five years from 1995 to 2000).

     
  • 519. 
    Council Regulation on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003).

     
  • 520. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 521. 
    OJ C 23, 23.1.1997.

     
  • 522. 
    IP/02/806, 3.6.2001.

     
  • 523. 
    OJ C 76 of 27.03.02 p. 12.

     
  • 524. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 525. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 526. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 527. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 528. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 529. 
    See Chapter I.C.6.

     
  • 530. 
    See points 50 et seq.

     
  • 531. 
    See points 61 et seq.

     
  • 532. 
    OJ C 152, 26.6.2002.

     
  • 533. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 534. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 535. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 536. 
    OJ C 119, 22.5.2002.

     
  • 537. 
    Council Regulation on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003).

     
  • 538. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 539. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 540. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 541. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 542. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 543. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 544. 
    OJ C 45, 19.2.2002; see also europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ antitrust/leniency

     
  • 545. 
    As opposed to cases in which illegal price-fixing occurs between undertakings in a vertical relationship, that is, between actors on different levels of the production and/or distribution chain, for example a producer and his distributors.

     
  • 546. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 547. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 548. 
    OJ C 45, 19.2.2002.

     
  • 549. 
    Case COMP/D-1/36.571; IP/02/844, 11.6.2002.

     
  • 550. 
    See points 190 et seq.

     
  • 551. 
    Case COMP/37.519; IP/02/976, 2.7.2002.

     
  • 552. 
    Case COMP/36.700; OJ L 84, 1.4.2003.

     
  • 553. 
    Case COMP/F-3/37.851.

     
  • 554. 
    IP/02/350, 1.3.2002.

     
  • 555. 
    Council Regulation (EEC) No 2988/74 of 26 November 1974 concerning limitation periods in proceedings and the enforcement of sanctions under the rules of the EEC relating to transport and competition (OJ L 319, 29.11.1974). In this case, the limitation period ran from May 1995, five years before the date of the Commission's first inspection at Carlsberg's premises.

     
  • 556. 
    IP/02/1603, 4.11.2002.

     
  • 557. 
    Case COMP/37.784.

     
  • 558. 
    Case COMP/37.978; IP/02/1746, 27.11.2002.

     
  • 559. 
    Case COMP/37.152.

     
  • 560. 
    Case COMP/37.671; IP/02/1907, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 561. 
    Case COMP/37.667; IP/02/1906, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 562. 
    'Specialty graphites' is the general term widely used in the industry to describe a group of graphite products for diverse applications.

     
  • 563. 
    Case COMP/37.956.

     
  • 564. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 565. 
    Case T-136/94, judgment of 11.3.1999.

     
  • 566. 
    OJ C 152, 26.6.2002.

     
  • 567. 
    Cases COMP/C-3/35.587, COMP/C-3/35.706 and COMP/C-3/36.321.

     
  • 568. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 569. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 570. 
    For more details, see the sectoral sections of this Report: Section I.C.4.3. on railway transport, point 133; Section I.C.8. on the Information Society, point 196.

     
  • 571. 
    Case COMP/38.044 IMS Health/NDC.

     
  • 572. 
    Decision of 3.7.2001 (OJ L 59, 28.2.2002), which ordered IMS to license its '1860 brick structure', which segments Germany into 1 860 sales zones.

     
  • 573. 
    Orders of 26.10.2001 in Case T-184/01 R and of 11.4.2002 in Case C-481/01 P(R).

     
  • 574. 
    Case C-418/01.

     
  • 575. 
    Segmentation of the national territory into 1 860 geographical areas, or bricks, for the purpose of aggregating sales data for the pharmaceutical industry in Germany.

     
  • 576. 
    Decision, paragraph 36.

     
  • 577. 
    Pharma Intranet AG was bought by NDC on 16 October 2000.

     
  • 578. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 579. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 580. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 581. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 582. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 583. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 584. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 585. 
    Judgment of the Court of 20.2.1997 in case C-107/95 P Bilanzbuchhalter.

     
  • 586. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 587. 
    On the basis of the ECJ's ruling in Bilanzbuchhalter, an action against the Commission for failure to act was for the first time considered admissible by the CFI in its TF 1 judgment (3.6.1999, Case T-17/96). The CFI was of the opinion that the complainant was in an exceptional situation. However, since the Commission had taken a position before the date of the judgment, there was no need to adjudicate upon the application for failure to act. On appeal, the ECJ (12.7.2001, Joined Cases C-302/99 and C-308/99 P) confirmed that, since the Commission had defined its position and thus deprived the action for failure to act of its object, it had not been necessary for the CFI to examine the admissibility of that action.

     
  • 588. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 589. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 590. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 591. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 592. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 593. 
    OJ C 169, 13.7.2002.

     
  • 594. 
    Council Document 14867/02 of 27.11.2002 for gas and Council Document 14869/02 of 27.11.2002 for electricity.

     
  • 595. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 596. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 597. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 598. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 599. 
    Liquified Natural Gas.

     
  • 600. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 601. 
    See Chapter I.C.6.

     
  • 602. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 603. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 604. 
    'Locational signals'.

     
  • 605. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 606. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 607. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 608. 
    See Chapter I.C.6.

     
  • 609. 
    See points 50 et seq.

     
  • 610. 
    COM(2002) 304 final, 7.6.2002.

     
  • 611. 
    COM(2002) 488 final, 11.9.2002.

     
  • 612. 
    Case COMP/E-4/36.072; IP 02/1084, 17.7.2002.

     
  • 613. 
    Case COMP/E-4/37.732; IP 02/792, 31.5.2002.

     
  • 614. 
    Case COMP/E-4/38.075; IP 02/401, 13.3.2002.

     
  • 615. 
    Case COMP/M.2822; IP 02/1905, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 616. 
    See in this respect the section on state aid, points 386 et seq.

     
  • 617. 
    europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/ energy_transport/home/aids/energy_en.htm

     
  • 618. 
    Directive 2002/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 June 2002 amending Directive 97/67/EC with regard to the further opening to competition of Community postal services.

     
  • 619. 
    In particular, as of 2003 the non-reserved area will include letters weighing more than 100g; this weight limit will not apply if the price is equal to or more than three times the public tariff for an item of correspondence in the first weight step of the fastest category. As of 2006 the non- reserved area will include letters weighing more than 50g; this weight limit will not apply if the price is equal to or more than three times the public tariff for an item of correspondence in the first weight step of the fastest category.

     
  • 620. 
    In 2006 the Commission will complete a study evaluating, for each Member State, the impact on universal service of the completion of the internal postal market in 2009. On the basis of this study the Commission will submit a report to the European Parliament and the Council accompanied by a proposal confirming, if appropriate, the date of 2009 for the full completion of the internal postal market or determining any other step in the light of the study's findings.

     
  • 621. 
    OJ L 108, 24.4.2002 and OJ L 201, 31.7.2002.

     
  • 622. 
    In accordance with Article 15 of the framework directive.

     
  • 623. 
    OJ C 165, 11.7.2002.

     
  • 624. 
    C(2003) 497.

     
  • 625. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 626. 
    COM(1999) 539.

     
  • 627. 
    As successively amended by Directives 94/46, 95/51, 96/2, 96/19 and 1999/64.

     
  • 628. 
    OJ C 96, 27.3.2001.

     
  • 629. 
    OJ L 249, 17.9.2002.

     
  • 630. 
    IP/02/1852, 11.12.2002.

     
  • 631. 
    For more details of the outcome of the sector inquiry, see working document of September 2000 at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ antitrust/others/sector_inquiries/leased_lines/

     
  • 632. 
    For more details of the outcome of the sector inquiry and the individual own-initiative cases, see explanatory memorandum of November 2002 at: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ antitrust/others/sector_inquiries/leased_lines/

     
  • 633. 
    OJ L 167, 26.6.2002.

     
  • 634. 
    COM(97) 218 final.

     
  • 635. 
    Cases C-466/98, C-467/98, C-468/98, C-469/98, C-471/98, C-472/98, C-475/98 and C-476/98 against the United Kingdom, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Austria and Germany.

     
  • 636. 
    OJ C 264, 30.10.2002.

     
  • 637. 
    For procedural reasons the OFT took the lead in this case, using its powers under the EC Competition Law Enforcement Regulations 2001. It should be recalled that Council Regulation 3975/87, which lays down detailed rules for the application of Articles 81 and 82, relates only to air transport between EU airports. However, the OFT has powers under the Enforcement Regulations to make a decision on the application of Articles 81 and 82 in relation to (inter alia) air transport between Member States and third countries. In the absence of such powers, the Commission would have had to investigate the alliance using its powers under Article 85, under which it would only have been able to propose measures to be taken to bring infringements to an end.

     
  • 638. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 639. 
    OJ C 76 of 27.03.02 p. 12.

     
  • 640. 
    OJ L 242 of 10.9.2002 p. 25.

     
  • 641. 
    OJ C 306, 10.12.2002.

     
  • 642. 
    OJ C 93, 18.4.2002.

     
  • 643. 
    Cases: T-18/97 Atlantic Container Line and Others v Commission (TACA)
     
  • 644. 
    The Commission has interpreted this provision as allowing capacity regulation only under certain strict conditions (see further below).

     
  • 645. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 646. 
    The CFI referred to the FEFC judgment.

     
  • 647. 
    The decision was taken as a precautionary measure only, to take account of the possibility that the CFI or ECJ might consider that the inland part of an intermodal transport operation fell within the scope of Regulation 4056/86, which does provide for immunity from fines if an agreement is formally notified.

     
  • 648. 
    OECD document DSTI/DOT/(2002)2 'Competition Policy in Liner Shipping - Final Report', Paris, 16 April 2002.

     
  • 649. 
    See XXXIst Competition Report, page 38.

     
  • 650. 
    OJ L 26, 31.1.2001.

     
  • 651. 
    Directive 2001/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2001 amending Council Directive 91/440/EEC on the development of the Community's railways. Directive 2001/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2001 amending Council Directive 95/18/EC on the licensing of railway undertakings. Directive 2001/14/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2001 on the allocation of railway infrastructure capacity and the levying of charges for the use of railway infrastructure and safety certification (OJ L 75, 15.3.2001).

     
  • 652. 
    Case COMP/37.685.

     
  • 653. 
    Case COMP/37.985.

     
  • 654. 
    Compare the merger between the two Spanish pay-TV platforms Canal Satélite Digital and Vía Digital, Case COMP/M.2645 Sogecable/Canalsatélite Digital/Via Digital, subject to a referral to the Spanish authorities, and the merger between the two Italian pay-TV platforms Stream and Telepiú, Case COMP/M.2876 Newscorp/Telepiú.

     
  • 655. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 656. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 657. 
    Case COMP/37.398; UEFA notified its joint-selling arrangement on 1 February 1999 and received a statement of objections on 19 July 2001. UEFA replied on 16 November 2001 and shortly after settlement negotiations were initiated.

     
  • 658. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 659. 
    OJ C 196, 17.8.2002.

     
  • 660. 
    IP/02/806, 3.6.2001.

     
  • 661. 
    See, for example, the Commission decisions in Case IV/26.760 GEMA, decision of 2.6.1971 (OJ L 134, 20.6.1971) and decision of 6.7.1972 (OJ L 166, 24.7.1972); Case IV/29.971 GEMA Statutes, decision of 4.12.1981 (OJ L 94, 8.4.1982); Case 29.839 GVL, decision of 29.10.1981 (OJ L 370, 28.12.1981); or the Court judgments in Phil Collins
     
  • 662. 
    Case COMP/C-2/38.014 IFPI (International Federation of the Phonographic Industry) 'Simulcasting'.

     
  • 663. 
    Simulcasting is the transmission by radio and TV stations of their signal simultaneously and unaltered by traditional means and via the Internet.

     
  • 664. 
    Cases COMP/C-2/34.657 Sammelrevers; COMP/C-2/37.906 Internetbuchhandel; COMP/C-2/38.019 Proxis/KNO et al.; IP/02/461, 22.3.2002.

     
  • 665. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 666. 
    Commission Regulation (EC) No 1475/95 of 28 June 1995 on the application of Article 81(3) of the Treaty to certain categories of motor vehicle distribution and servicing agreements (OJ L 145, 29.6.1995); press release IP/02/1073 and Commission document MEMO/02/174, 17.7.2002.

     
  • 667. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 668. 
    OJ L 203, 1.8.2002.

     
  • 669. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 670. 
    Report on the evaluation of Regulation (EC) No 1475/95 on the application of Article 85(3) (now 81(3)) of the Treaty to certain categories of motor vehicle distribution and servicing agreements, 15.11.2000, COM(2000) 743 final; see also 2000 Competition Report, points 112 to 115.

     
  • 671. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 672. 
    OJ L 336, 29.12.1999.

     
  • 673. 
    For example, in regard to access by independent repairers to technical information, tools, equipment - including diagnostic equipment - and training, or in regard to access to the market in spare parts produced by original-equipment manufacturers. Moreover, the application of this regulation would not take account of the cumulative effect of virtually identical agreements in motor vehicle distribution. In regard to vehicle sales, this regulation would, on the contrary, not bring any progress towards market integration or towards, say, multi-branding.

     
  • 674. 
    The hearing was held on 13 and 14 February 2000 and brought together more than 350 participants. Participants' contributions may be consulted via the 'Car sector' section of the Competition Directorate-General's website: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/, under 'Hearings and speeches'.

     
  • 675. 
    These two studies may be consulted on the Competition Directorate-General's website: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/. 'The Natural Link between Sales and Service' (Autopolis), 'Car Price Differentials in the European Union: An Economic Analysis' (Hans Degryse and Frank Verboven - KU Leuven and CEPR). See also 2000 Competition Report, point 113.

     
  • 676. 
    The terms of reference of this study, and the study itself, may be consulted on the Competition Directorate-General's website: europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/. This study, which was carried out by Arthur Andersen, may be consulted at the above-mentioned Internet address.

     
  • 677. 
    'Customer preferences for existing and potential Sales and Servicing Alternatives in Automotive Distribution', Dr Lademan
     
  • 678. 
    Among these sources, mention may be made of the study commissioned by the Association of European Carmakers (ACEA), which deals inter alia with the economic effects of alternative distribution systems.

     
  • 679. 
    See the cases Volkswagen I (Commission decision of 28.1.1998, OJ L 124, 25.4.1999), Volkswagen II (Commission decision of 29.6.2001, OJ L 262, 2.10.2001), Opel (Commission decision of 20.9.2000, OJ L 59, 28.2.2001) and DaimlerChrysler (Commission decision of 10.10.2001, OJ L 257, 25.9.2002).

     
  • 680. 
    Draft published in OJ C 67, 16.3.2002.

     
  • 681. 
    Report by Dr Konrad - A5-0144/2002, published on the European Parliament's website in the section entitled 'Activities - Committees - Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs' (www.europarl.eu.int).

     
  • 682. 
    OJ C 221, 17.9.2002.

     
  • 683. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 684. 
    In Article 1(n), motor vehicles are defined as being self-propelled vehicles intended for use on public roads and having three or more road wheels (viz., passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks, buses and coaches).

     
  • 685. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 686. 
    This non-exemption of location clauses will be effective as from 1 October 2005. See Articles 5(2)(b) and 12(2) of Regulation 1400/2002.

     
  • 687. 
    'Multi-branding' means the ability to represent more than one competing brand belonging to different groups of undertakings.

     
  • 688. 
    The availability clause enables British and Irish consumers, say, to purchase right-hand-drive vehicles on the Continent.

     
  • 689. 
    The latter include various categories of operator, from independent garage owners to specialist service centres (e.g. body shops, electronics fitters), through chains active especially in standardised repairs and servicing.

     
  • 690. 
    Manufacturers' market shares in after-sales servicing are in principle higher than the 30% threshold laid down in Regulation 1400/2002 for the sale of spare parts and the provision of after-sales services. Consequently, servicing will be governed by a qualitative selective system.

     
  • 691. 
    See the non-exhaustive list of these independent operators in Article 4(2) of Regulation 1400/2002.

     
  • 692. 
    The Competition Directorate-General's explanatory brochure is available in the 11 official languages both on paper and on the Competition DG's website (europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ car_sector/). It is not legally binding. See also Commission press release IP/02/1392, 30.9.2002.

     
  • 693. 
    To this end the Commission asked Professor Verboven of Katholieke Universiteit van Leuven to carry out a 'Quantitative Study to define the Relevant Market in the Passenger Car Sector'. The study may be consulted in the 'Car Sector' section of the Competition Directorate-General website, under 'Studies'. It is of a purely consultative nature and does not prejudge the outcome of the Commission's market analysis in individual cases.

     
  • 694. 
    See press releases IP/02/305, 25.2.2002 and IP/02/1109, 22.7.2002.

     
  • 695. 
    See press release IP/01/1051, 23.7.2001.

     
  • 696. 
    Segments A and B (small cars), C (medium-sized cars), D (upper-medium cars), E (executive cars), F (luxury cars) and G (multi-purpose vehicles, sports cars)

     
  • 697. 
    In this connection, Volkswagen has lodged an application for annulment of the judgment of the Court of First Instance of 6 July 2000 (Case T-62/98
     
  • 698. 
    Case Comp/D-1/29.373 (OJ L 318, 22.11.2002).

     
  • 699. 
    Case Comp/D-1/36.571, not yet published in the Official Journal.

     
  • 700. 
    OJ C 163, 9.7.2002.

     
  • 701. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 702. 
    Case C-35/96 Commission v Italy
     
  • 703. 
    Case T-513/93 Consiglio Nazionale degli Spedizionieri Doganali v Commission
     
  • 704. 
    Case T-144/99. Known as the IMA case (in French) or EPI (in English),
     
  • 705. 
    Case C-35/99
     
  • 706. 
    Case C-309/99
     
  • 707. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 708. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 709. 
    The contractor, chosen after an open tender competition, is the Institute for Advanced Studies, a non-profit organisation based in Vienna.

     
  • 710. 
    Case C 22/2001.

     
  • 711. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 712. 
    COMP/M.2416 - Tetra Laval/Sidel, 30.1.2002.

     
  • 713. 
    COMP/M.2283 - Schneider/Legrand, 30.1.2002.

     
  • 714. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 715. 
    M.2547.

     
  • 716. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 717. 
    COMP/M.2495 - Haniel/Fels, 21.2.2002.

     
  • 718. 
    COMP/M.2568 - Haniel/Ytong, 9.4.2002.

     
  • 719. 
    COMP/M.2650 - Haniel/Cementbouw/JV (CVK), 26.6.2002.

     
  • 720. 
    In October 2001, at the same time that the Commission had started its in-depth investigation into the Dutch building materials market, it had referred the review of the transaction's impact in the relevant German markets to the German Federal Cartel Office. Subsequently the Commission also referred the German aspects of Haniel's acquisition of Ytong to the Federal Cartel Office. Both deals were subsequently cleared subject to commitments.

     
  • 721. 
    COMP/M.2706 - Carnival
     
  • 722. 
    COMP/M.2822 - ENBW/ENI/GVS, 17.12.2002.

     
  • 723. 
    Judgment of the Court of First Instance in Case T-342/99 Airtours plc v Commission of the European Communities.

     
  • 724. 
    Case No IV/M.1524 - Airtours/First Choice

     
  • 725. 
    Decision, paragraph 54.

     
  • 726. 
    Judgment, paragraph 53.

     
  • 727. 
    Judgment, paragraph 120.

     
  • 728. 
    Judgment, paragraph 133.

     
  • 729. 
    Judgment, paragraph 62.

     
  • 730. 
    Judgment, paragraph 180.

     
  • 731. 
    Judgment, paragraph 207.

     
  • 732. 
    Judgment, paragraph 277.

     
  • 733. 
    Judgment of the Court of First Instance in Case T-310/01 Schneider Electric SA v Commission of the European Communities.

     
  • 734. 
    See points 312-313.

     
  • 735. 
    Communication on the repercussions of the terrorist attacks in the United States on the air transport industry, COM (2001) 574.

     
  • 736. 
    Case T-77/02.

     
  • 737. 
    Judgment of the Court of First Instance in Case T-05/02 Tetra Laval v Commission of the European Communities.

     
  • 738. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 739. 
    COMP/M.2621 - SEB/Moulinex, 8.1.2002.

     
  • 740. 
    COMP/M.2544 - Masterfoods/Royal Canin, 15.2.2002.

     
  • 741. 
    COMP/M.2690 - Solvay/Montedison - Ausimont, 9.4.2002.

     
  • 742. 
    COMP/M.2779 - Imperial Tobacco/Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken, 8.5.2002.

     
  • 743. 
    COMP/M.2817 - Barilla/BPL/Kamps, 25.6.2002.

     
  • 744. 
    COMP/M.2761 - BP/Veba Oel, 1.7.2002.

     
  • 745. 
    COMP/M.2533 - BP/E.ON, 20.12.2001.

     
  • 746. 
    COMP/M.2803 - Telia/Sonera, 10.7.2002.

     
  • 747. 
    COMP/M.2854 - RAG/Degussa, 18.11.2002.

     
  • 748. 
    M.2621, SEB/Moulinex, 8.1.2002; M.2502, Cargill/Cerestar, 18.1.2002; M.2683, Aker Maritime/Kvaerner (II), 23.1.2002; M.2662, Danish Crown/Steff-Houlberg, 14.2.2002; M.2639, Compass/Restorama/Rail Gourmet, 26.2.2002; M.2730, Connex/DNVBVG/JV, 24.4.2002; M.2760, Nehlsen/Rethmann/SWB/Bremerhaven, 30.5.2002; M.2845, Sogecable/Canalsatélite/Via Digital, 14.8.2002; M. 2881, Koninklijke BAM NBM/HBG, 3.9.2002; M.2898, Leroy Merlin/Brico, 13.12.2002; and M.2857, Electrabel Customer Solutions/Intercommunale d'Electricité du Hainaut, 23.12.2002.

     
  • 749. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 750. 
    M.2698, Promatech/Sulzer, 17.4.2002; M.2738, GEES/Unison, 17.4.2002.

     
  • 751. 
    Aker Maritime/Kvaerner II.

     
  • 752. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 753. 
    See above.

     
  • 754. 
    COMP/M.2502 - Cargill/Cerestar, 18.1.2002.

     
  • 755. 
    COMP/M.2683 - Aker Maritime/Kvaerner (II), 23.1.2002.

     
  • 756. 
    COMP/M.2662 - Danish Crown/Steff-Houlberg, 14. 2.2002.

     
  • 757. 
    COMP/M.2639 - Compass/Restorama/Rail Gourmet/Gourmet Nova, 26.2.2002.

     
  • 758. 
    COMP/M.2730 - Connex/DNVBVG/JV, 24.4.2002.

     
  • 759. 
    COMP/M.2760 - Nehlsen/ Rethmann/ SWB/ Bremerhavener Entsorgungsgesellschaft, 30.5.2002.

     
  • 760. 
    COMP/M.2845 - Sogecable/ Canalsatélite Digital/ Vìa Digital, 14.8.2002.

     
  • 761. 
    COMP/M.2881 - Hollandsche Beton Groep/Koninklijk BAM NBM, 3.9.2002.

     
  • 762. 
    COMP/M.2898.

     
  • 763. 
    COMP/M.2857 - ECS/IEH, 23.12.2002.

     
  • 764. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 765. 
    COMP/M.2698 - Promatech/Sulzer Textil, 16.4.2002.

     
  • 766. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 767. 
    COMP/M.2738 - GEES/Unison, 17.4.2002.

     
  • 768. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 769. 
    COM(2001) 745 final.

     
  • 770. 
    OJ L 395, 30.12.1989; corrected version, OJ L 257, 21.9.1990.

     
  • 771. 
    In its Report of 28 June 2000 to the Council on the application of the Merger Regulation thresholds, the Commission concluded that there were strong indications that the existing thresholds should be revised, so as to better cover all concentrations with a Community interest. It set out, moreover, a number of other jurisdictional, substantive and procedural issues that would merit a more in-depth discussion (see COM(2000) 399 final, 28.6.2000).

     
  • 772. 
    Council Regulation (EC) No 1310/97 (OJ L 180, 9.7.1997); corrigendum in OJ L 40, 13.2.1998.

     
  • 773. 
    europa.eu.int/comm/competition/ mergers/review/comments.html

     
  • 774. 
    Case T-102/96 Gencor v Commission
     
  • 775. 
    The calculation of the time limits laid down in the Merger Regulation and in the Implementing Regulation will be simplified and rendered more transparent by expressing all deadlines in terms of working days (WD), with one week generally having five working days, except if it includes official Commission holidays.

     
  • 776. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 777. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 778. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 779. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 780. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 781. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 782. 
    The EU/US Mergers Working Group was originally set up in 1999, and its principal activity before September 2001 consisted in discussions on the respective EU and US approaches to remedies in merger cases. This proved to be a highly productive experience for all three agencies.

     
  • 783. 
    The Commission has been cooperating closely with its US counterparts, the United States Department of Justice's Antitrust Division and the US Federal Trade Commission, since the entry into force of the EU's Merger Regulation in 1990. That cooperation was put on a firm footing with the conclusion of the EU-US Agreement on the application of their competition laws in 1991. EU-US cooperation has been particularly close in investigations of many of the large cross-border mergers which fall to be scrutinised in both jurisdictions. Inter-agency contacts have served to minimise the risk of divergent outcomes and have underpinned a process of substantive convergence in their analytical approaches.

     
  • 784. 
    Communication from the Commission - Multisectoral framework on regional aid for large investment projects (OJ C 70, 19.3.2002).

     
  • 785. 
    OJ C 111, 8.5.2002.

     
  • 786. 
    OJ L 337, 13.12.2002.

     
  • 787. 
    OJ L 10, 13.1.2001.

     
  • 788. 
    Communication from the Commission concerning certain aspects of the treatment of competition cases resulting from the expiry of the ECSC Treaty, points 18-21 (OJ C 152, 26.6.2002).

     
  • 789. 
    Communication from the Commission - Multisectoral framework on regional aid for large investment projects, point 27 (OJ C 70, 19.3.2002).

     
  • 790. 
    Communication from the Commission - Rescue and restructuring aid and closure aid for the steel sector (OJ C 70, 19.3.2002).

     
  • 791. 
    OJ L 205, 2.8.2002.

     
  • 792. 
    OJ L 107, 30.4.1996.

     
  • 793. 
    OJ C 384, 10.12.1998.

     
  • 794. 
    IP/01/982.

     
  • 795. 
    See separate chapter below.

     
  • 796. 
    Case C-482/99 France v Commission
     
  • 797. 
    Case NN 27/2000, decision of 22.5.2002.

     
  • 798. 
    Case C-379/98 Preussen Elektra AG v Schleswag AG
     
  • 799. 
    Case N 661/99, decision of 1.3.2002.

     
  • 800. 
    See footnote 202.

     
  • 801. 
    Case C 54/00.

     
  • 802. 
    Case C 47/97.

     
  • 803. 
    Case NN 2/2002, decision of 4.6.2002.

     
  • 804. 
    OJ C 384, 10.12.1998.

     
  • 805. 
    Case E 1/00.

     
  • 806. 
    Case C 18/2001 (ex N 123/2000), decision of 3.4.2002.

     
  • 807. 
    Case N 42/2001 (ex NN 14/2001, decision of 22.6.2002.

     
  • 808. 
    Case C 30/02 (ex NN 36/2002).

     
  • 809. 
    Case C 47/2001 (ex NN 42/2000).

     
  • 810. 
    OJ L 27, 30.1.1997.

     
  • 811. 
    Case N 661/1999.

     
  • 812. 
    Commission letter SG (2001) D/290869, 6.8.2001.

     
  • 813. 
    Case C 55/01.

     
  • 814. 
    Case C 71/01.

     
  • 815. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 816. 
    See for instance its judgments of 12 December 2002 in Case C-5/01 Belgium v Commission and 23 October 2002 in Joined Cases T-269/99, T-271/99 and T-272/99 and T-346/99, T-347/99 and T-348/99 Diputación Foral de Giupúzcoa and Others v Commission, not yet reported.

     
  • 817. 
    OJ C 384, 10.12.1998.

     
  • 818. 
    Case C 16/2002 (ex E 5/2000).

     
  • 819. 
    Case C 48/2001 (ex NN 43/2000).

     
  • 820. 
    Case C 29/02.

     
  • 821. 
    OJ C 288, 9.10.1999.

     
  • 822. 
    Case NN 161/02.

     
  • 823. 
    Case NN 5/02.

     
  • 824. 
    Case N 804/01 (OJ C 238, 3.10.2002).

     
  • 825. 
    Case N 461/01 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002).

     
  • 826. 
    Case C 64/00, not yet published.

     
  • 827. 
    See Chapter I.A.2., in particular point 17.

     
  • 828. 
    Cases C 18 and C 19/2001.

     
  • 829. 
    Case N 863/2001.

     
  • 830. 
    Case N 520/01 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002).

     
  • 831. 
    Case N 345/2002, decision of 14.11.2002.

     
  • 832. 
    See footnote 218.

     
  • 833. 
    Case N 702/B/01, decision of 3.8.2002.

     
  • 834. 
    Case N 652/2001, decision of 1.2.2002.

     
  • 835. 
    Case N 291/2002, decision of 8.8.2002.

     
  • 836. 
    See footnote 234.

     
  • 837. 
    Case N 179/02.

     
  • 838. 
    Case C 35/02 (ex NN 10/2000).

     
  • 839. 
    See footnote 188.

     
  • 840. 
    Case N 222/A/02.

     
  • 841. 
    Case N 844/01.

     
  • 842. 
    Case C 86/01.

     
  • 843. 
    Case C 72/01.

     
  • 844. 
    Case N 240/02.

     
  • 845. 
    Case N 319/02.

     
  • 846. 
    See footnote 188.

     
  • 847. 
    Case C 47/2002 (ex N 137/2002), decision of 2.7.2002.

     
  • 848. 
    Case N 285/01.

     
  • 849. 
    Case N 599/A/2.001.

     
  • 850. 
    OJ C 1, 3.1.1997.

     
  • 851. 
    OJ C 334, 12.12.1995. Following the decision reported here, on 12 December 2002 the Commission adopted Regulation (EC) No 2204/2002 (OJ L 337, 13.12.2002), which sets out the criteria it will henceforth apply in similar cases. This does not affect the Commission's analysis in the case in point.

     
  • 852. 
    Case N 376/01.

     
  • 853. 
    Case N 860/01.

     
  • 854. 
    Council Regulation 1177/2002 of 27.6.2002.

     
  • 855. 
    Case N 513/01.

     
  • 856. 
    Case C 64/01.

     
  • 857. 
    See footnote 188.

     
  • 858. 
    Case N 121/2001.

     
  • 859. 
    Case C 23/02.

     
  • 860. 
    Case C 92/02.

     
  • 861. 
    Case N 316/02.

     
  • 862. 
    Case C 75/02.

     
  • 863. 
    Case C 26/02.

     
  • 864. 
    OJ L 329, 30.12.1993.

     
  • 865. 
    OJ L 205, 2.8.2002.

     
  • 866. 
    Commission decision of 2.10.2001, ECSC 1/2002 (OJ L 56, 27.2.2002) (aid covering 2002); Commission decision of 2.10.2002, ECSC 550/2002 (aid covering costs from 24 July 2002).

     
  • 867. 
    Commission decision of 2.10.2002, ECSC 551/2002.

     
  • 868. 
    Commission decision of 2.7.2002, ECSC 2/2002 (aid covering costs until 23 July 2002); Commission decision of 12.6.2002 ECSC 6/2002 (aid covering costs from 24 July 2002).

     
  • 869. 
    Commission decision of 20.3.2002, ECSC 9/2001; Commission decision of 5.6.2002, ECSC 10/2001; Commission decision of 17.7.2002, ECSC 11/2001 and ECSC 12/2001.

     
  • 870. 
    Commission decision of 7.5.2002.

     
  • 871. 
    Case C 9/2002.

     
  • 872. 
    Case C 12/2002.

     
  • 873. 
    Case C 10/2002.

     
  • 874. 
    Case C 8/2002.

     
  • 875. 
    Case C 20/2001.

     
  • 876. 
    Case C 95/2001.

     
  • 877. 
    Case C 25/2002.

     
  • 878. 
    C 27/2002.

     
  • 879. 
    European transport policy 2010: time to decide.

     
  • 880. 
    Case NN 170/2001, decision of 13.2.2002 (OJ C 98, 23.4.2002).

     
  • 881. 
    Case N 356/2002 - Network Rail, decision of 17.7.2002 (OJ C 232, 28.9.2002).

     
  • 882. 
    Case N 706/2002 (OJ C 130, 1.6.2002) and Case N 523/2002 (OJ C 262, 29.10.2002).

     
  • 883. 
    Case N 784/2001 - Aid for Danish private railways, decision of 27.2.2002 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 884. 
    Case N 643/2001- Austria - Programme of aid for the development of railway sidings, decision of 19.6.2002 (OJ C 178, 26.7.2002).

     
  • 885. 
    Case N 308/2002 - Promotion of investments for railway infrastructure, decision of 18.9.2002 (OJ C 277, 14.11.2002).

     
  • 886. 
    Case N 287/02, not yet published.

     
  • 887. 
    Case N 644/2001- Austrian State Fund ERP, decision of 27.2.2002 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002); Case N 406/2002 - Support of transshipment facilities in combined transport, decision of 2.10. 2002 (OJ C 292, 27.11.2002).

     
  • 888. 
    Case N 638/2001 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 889. 
    Case NN 134/2002 (ex N 841/01) - New private pilot combined transport service linking Munich to Verona (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 890. 
    Pilot Actions for Combined Transport programme, decision of 25.7. 2001.

     
  • 891. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 892. 
    Case C 63/2000 (ex NN 102/00) (OJ L 211, 7.8.2002).

     
  • 893. 
    Case C 51/2002 (ex N 840/2001) (OJ C 212, 6.9.2002).

     
  • 894. 
    Case N 833/2001 (OJ C 242, 8.10.2002).

     
  • 895. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 896. 
    OJ L 10, 13.1.2001.

     
  • 897. 
    Case C 11/2002 (ex N 382/01) - Italy (Piedmont) - Reduction of tolls for certain heavy goods vehicles in order to divert them from the Lake Maggiore State road 33 to the A/26 motorway (OJ C 87, 11.4.2002); Case C 14/2002 (ex NN 72/01) - Portugal - Reduction of tolls for certain heavy goods vehicles, coaches and buses adopted following the rise in oil prices in summer/autumn 2000 (OJ C 88, 12.4.2002).

     
  • 898. 
    Case N 762/2001 - Investment aid scheme of the autonomous region of Madeira, decision of 27.2.2002; Case N 646/00 - Italy, decision of 7.5.2002; Case N 507/2001 - Portugal - Siriart, decision of 7.5.2002 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002).

     
  • 899. 
    Case N 203/2002, decision of 18.9.2002 (OJ C 9, 15.1.2003).

     
  • 900. 
    Case N 337/02 - Spain (Community of Madrid) - Aid for the acquisition of public transport vehicles adapted to persons with reduced mobility, decision of 27.11.2002, not yet published.

     
  • 901. 
    Case N 100/01 - Subsidies for certain environmentally friendly lorries, decision of 22.5.2002 (OJ C 154, 28.6.2002).

     
  • 902. 
    N 600/B/2001, decision of 16.10.2002.

     
  • 903. 
    Netherlands (doc. 8032/02
     
  • 904. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 905. 
    Case C 24/2001 - Italy; Case C 25/2001 - France; Case C 26/2001 - Netherlands.

     
  • 906. 
    Case N 264/2002 (OJ C 309, 12.12.2002).

     
  • 907. 
    COM (2001) 370.

     
  • 908. 
    Case N 471/2002 - Austria.

     
  • 909. 
    Case C 65/2000 (ex N 679/2000) (OJ L 196, 25.7.2002).

     
  • 910. 
    Case N 736/01 - Spain, decision of 27.2.2002; Case N 563/01 - Denmark, decision of 12.3.2002 (OJ C 146, 19.6.2002); Case N 195/02 - Finland, decision of 16.10.2002; Case N504/2002 - Ireland, decision of 15.12.2002.

     
  • 911. 
    Case C 56/2001 (OJ L 314, 18.11.2002).

     
  • 912. 
    Case C 97/2001 (ex N 93/2001) - Maritime transport safety, decision of 20.12. 2001.

     
  • 913. 
    N 781/01 - Maritime services in Corsica (OJ C 186, 6.8.2002).

     
  • 914. 
    Case NN 27/2002, not yet published.

     
  • 915. 
    Case C 58/02 (ex N 118/2002). OJ C 308, 11.12.2002.

     
  • 916. 
    Case N 519/02 - Extension of a scheme to reduce social charges in the maritime cabotage sector, decision of 6.9.2002 (OJ C 262, 29.10.2002).

     
  • 917. 
    Case C 62/02 (ex N 221/02) (OJ C 269, 5.11.2002).

     
  • 918. 
    Case NN 94/2002 - Germany, decision of 30.10.2002, not yet published.

     
  • 919. 
    Case N 438/02 - Belgium, decision of 16.10.2002 (OJ C 284, 21.11.2002).

     
  • 920. 
    Case NN 116/1998 - Denmark, decision of 13.11.2002.

     
  • 921. 
    Case N 662/2002 - France, decision of 2.12.2002.

     
  • 922. 
    Case N 661/2002 - Ireland, decision of 2.12.2002, OJ C 15, 22.1.2003.

     
  • 923. 
    Communication on the repercussions of the terrorist attacks in the United States on the air transport industry, COM (2001) 574.

     
  • 924. 
    Communication of 2.7.2002, COM(2002) 320 final.

     
  • 925. 
    Ireland: Case NN 34/2002 - Aviation Insurance scheme, decision of 27.02.2002; Netherlands: Case NN 35/2002 - State-guaranteed scheme for covering aviation risks, decision of 27.2.2002; United Kingdom: Case NN 43/2002 - Extension of Airline Insurance, decision of 27.2.2002; Finland: Case NN 45/2002, decision of 6.3.2002.

     
  • 926. 
    France: Case N 806/2001 (OJ C 59, 6.3.2002); United Kingdom: Case N 854/2001 (OJ C 98, 23.4.2002); Germany: Case N 269/2002, not yet published.

     
  • 927. 
    Case C 42/2002 (ex N 286/2002) (OJ C 170, 16.7.2002).

     
  • 928. 
    Case C 42/2002 (ex N 286/2002), not yet published.

     
  • 929. 
    Case C 65/2002 (ex N 262/2002) (OJ C 309, 12.12.2002).

     
  • 930. 
    Case C 19/2002 (ex NN 133/2000) (OJ C 98, 23.4.2002).

     
  • 931. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 932. 
    OJ L 128, 21.5.1999; OJ L 273, 25.10.1994.

     
  • 933. 
    In the light of Article 87(1) of the Treaty.

     
  • 934. 
    Case N 132/02.

     
  • 935. 
    Cases C 54/96 et N 318/02, not yet published.

     
  • 936. 
    OJ C 324, 24.12.2002

     
  • 937. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 938. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 939. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 940. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 941. 
    Case N 567/2002.

     
  • 942. 
    Case N 581/2002.

     
  • 943. 
    Case N 595/2002.

     
  • 944. 
    Case N 647/2002.

     
  • 945. 
    Case N 682/2002.

     
  • 946. 
    Case N 143/2002.

     
  • 947. 
    Case N 30/2002.

     
  • 948. 
    Letter SG(2001) D/286564, 28.2.2001.

     
  • 949. 
    Letter SG(2001) D/286847, 13.3.2001.

     
  • 950. 
    OJ C 252, 12.9.2001.

     
  • 951. 
    Case C 22/2001.

     
  • 952. 
    Case C 21/2002 (ex NN 14/2002).

     
  • 953. 
    Case C 49/2002.

     
  • 954. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 955. 
    Case C-126/01 Ministre de l'économie, des finances et de l'industrie v GEMO SA.

     
  • 956. 
    Case C 91/2001 (ex N 568/2001) (OJ C 37, 9.2.2002).

     
  • 957. 
    Joined Cases T-197/97 and T-198/97, judgment of 31.1.2001.

     
  • 958. 
    OJ C 19, 20.1.2001.

     
  • 959. 
    Council Regulation No 2369/2002 amending Regulation (EC) No 2792/1999 laying down the detailed rules and arrangements regarding Community structural assistance in the fisheries sector (OJ L 358, 31.12.2002).

     
  • 960. 
    Case N 546/2001.

     
  • 961. 
    Cases C 83 and C 84/2001.

     
  • 962. 
    Cases NN 159/2001 and NN 107/2002.

     
  • 963. 
    Case E 47/2002.

     
  • 964. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 965. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 966. 
    Case C 62/00.

     
  • 967. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 968. 
    Decision 2002/114/EC (OJ L 43, 14.2.2002).

     
  • 969. 
    OJ L 66, 14.3.2000.

     
  • 970. 
    OJ L 29, 31.1.2001.

     
  • 971. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 972. 
    Case C-110/02 Commission v Council, not yet reported.

     
  • 973. 
    Case COMP C 18/99, Decision 2000/524/EC (OJ L 211, 22.8.2000).

     
  • 974. 
    OJ L 193, 26.7.1999.

     
  • 975. 
    OJ L 75, 24.3.2000.

     
  • 976. 
    OJ L 76, 25.3.2000.

     
  • 977. 
    In accordance with the definitions laid down in several Commission communications, services of general interest (SGIs) comprise general interest services of a non-economic and economic nature, whereas services of general economic interest (SGEIs) are confined to general interest services of an economic nature.

     
  • 978. 
    For a short summary of the general principles applicable in this field, please refer to Section IV.1, points 487-489, of the 2001 Competition Report.

     
  • 979. 
    In particular, Cases T-106/95 FFSA and Others v Commission
     
  • 980. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 981. 
    Case C-53/00
     
  • 982. 
    Opinion of 19 March 2002 in Case C-280/00.

     
  • 983. 
    Case C-126/01.

     
  • 984. 
    Joined Cases C-34/01 to C-38/01.

     
  • 985. 
    Report on the status of work on the guidelines for state aid and services of general economic interest. COM(2002) 280 final.

     
  • 986. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 987. 
    European Competition Days in 2002: 26.2.2002 (Madrid) and 17.9.2002 (Copenhagen).

     
  • 988. 
    COM(2002) 636 final.

     
  • 989. 
    Case C 88/97.

     
  • 990. 
    Case C 47/98.

     
  • 991. 
    Case C 27/99.

     
  • 992. 
    OJ C 17, 17.1.2001.

     
  • 993. 
    OJ C 150, 22.6.2002.

     
  • 994. 
    See Chapter IV.

     
  • 995. 
    The benefits paid perform an exclusively social function where they are prescribed by law and not proportional to the amount of the compulsory contributions.

     
  • 996. 
    Case C-218/00
     
  • 997. 
    Judgment of 24.10.2002 in Case C-82/01 P, not yet reported.

     
  • 998. 
    Case T-128/98 Aéroports de Paris v Commission
     
  • 999. 
    Case T-175/99
     
  • 1000. 
    Proposal on action by Member States concerning public service requirements and the award of public service contracts in passenger transport by rail, road and inland waterway, COM(2002) 107 final.

     
  • 1001. 
    Ibid, recitals 11, 14 and 17

     
  • 1002. 
    Directive 2002/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 June 2002 amending Directive 97/67/EC with regard to the further opening to competition of Community postal services.

     
  • 1003. 
    COM(2002) 488 final, 11.9.2002; see also IP/02/1288.

     
  • 1004. 
    COM(2002) 304 final, 7.6.2002.

     
  • 1005. 
    See Section I.C.1 above.

     
  • 1006. 
    In addition to the already mentioned Cyprus.

     
  • 1007. 
    The EC-Turkey Association Council of December 2001 adopted single implementing rules as requested under the Customs Union Decision of 1995, covering both rules for undertakings and state aid control.

     
  • 1008. 
    Decision 1/96 of the EU-Czech Association Council of 30 January 1996 (OJ L 31, 9.2.1996).

     
  • 1009. 
    Decision 1/96 of the EU-Poland Association Council of 16 July 1996 (OJ L 208, 17.8.1996).

     
  • 1010. 
    Decision 1/96 of the EU-Slovak Association Council of 15 August 1996 (OJ L 295, 20.11.1996).

     
  • 1011. 
    Decision 2/96 of the EU-Hungary Association Council of 6 November 1996 (OJ L 295, 20.11.1996) superseded by Decision 1/2002, see footnote 403.

     
  • 1012. 
    Decision 2/97 of the EU-Bulgaria Association Council of 7 October 1997 (OJ L 15, 21.1.1998).

     
  • 1013. 
    Decision 1/99 of the EU-Romania Association Council of 16 March 1999 (OJ L 96, 10.4.1999).

     
  • 1014. 
    Decision 1/99 of the EU-Estonia Association Council of 28 April 1999 (OJ L 144, 9.6.1999).

     
  • 1015. 
    Decision 4/99 of the EU-Lithuania Association Council of 26 May 1999 (OJ L 156, 23.6.1999).

     
  • 1016. 
    Decision 4/2000 of the EU-Slovenia Association Council of 21 December 2000 (OJ L 130, 12.5.2001).

     
  • 1017. 
    Decision 5/2001 of the EU-Latvia Association Council of 25 April 2001 (OJ L 183, 6.7.2001).

     
  • 1018. 
    Decision 1/2002 of the EU-Hungary Association Council of 29 January 2002 (OJ L 145, 4.6.2002).

     
  • 1019. 
    Decision 1/98 of the EU-Czech Association Council of 24 June 1998 (OJ L 195, 11.7.1998).

     
  • 1020. 
    Decision 2/2001 of the EU-Lithuania Association Council of 22 February 2001 (OJ 98, 7.4.2001).

     
  • 1021. 
    Decision 4/2001 of the EU-Latvia Association Council of 20 March 2001 (OJ L 163, 20.6.2001).

     
  • 1022. 
    Decision 4/2001 of the EU-Romania Association Council of 10 April 2001 (OJ 138, 22.5.2001).

     
  • 1023. 
    Decision 2/2001 of the EU-Slovenia Association Council of 3 May 2001 (OJ 163, 20.6.2001).

     
  • 1024. 
    Decision 3/2001 of the EU-Poland Association Council of 23 May 2001 (OJ L 215, 9.8.2001).

     
  • 1025. 
    Decision 2/2001 of the EU-Bulgaria Association Council of 23 May 2001 (OJ L 216, 10.8.2001).

     
  • 1026. 
    Decision 6/2001 of the EU-Slovakia Association Council of 22 November 2001 (OJ L 48, 20.2.2002).

     
  • 1027. 
    Decision 1/2002 of the EU-Estonia Association Council of 15 January 2002 (OJ L 299, 1.11.2002).

     
  • 1028. 
    See point above.

     
  • 1029. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of the United States of America regarding the application of their competition laws (OJ L 95, 27.4.1995, as corrected by OJ L 131, 15.6.1995).

     
  • 1030. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of the United States of America on the application of positive comity principles in the enforcement of their competition laws (OJ L 173, 18.6.1998).

     
  • 1031. 
    Adopted on 17.9.2002 (COM(2002) 505 final).

     
  • 1032. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of Canada regarding the application of their competition laws (OJ L 175, 10.7.1999).

     
  • 1033. 
    Adopted on 17.9.2002 (COM(2002) 505 final).

     
  • 1034. 
    COM(2002) 230 final, 8.5.2002, available online at europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/com/pdf/ 2002/com2002_0230en01.pdf

     
  • 1035. 
    Agreement between the European Communities and the Government of Canada regarding the application of their competition laws (OJ L 175, 10.7.1999).

     
  • 1036. 
    Available online at www.usdoj.gov/atr/public/ international/docs/3740.htm

     
  • 1037. 
    WT/WGTCP/184.

     
  • 1038. 
    The agenda will include the following topics: (1) an in-depth review of South Africa's competition institutions; (2) a discussion on optimal design of competition institutions and the objectives of competition law and policy; and (3) a discussion on the role of competition policy in a small economy.

     
  • 1039. 
    A competition law dealing with both antitrust and unfair competition was passed in 1993. The Chinese authorities dealt with 285 cases involving restrictive business practices and 203 cases involving monopolisation attempts in 2001 (the case load in 2001 exceeded the total load for the five years from 1995 to 2000).

     
  • 1040. 
    Council Regulation on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty (OJ L 1, 4.1.2003).

     
  • 1041. 
    Press release IP/02/415, 14.3.2002.

     
  • 1042. 
    OJ C 23, 23.1.1997.

     
  • 1043. 
    De Europese Commissie kent nummers toe aan officiële documenten van de Europese Unie. De Commissie maakt onderscheid in een aantal typen documenten door middel van het toekennen van verschillende nummerseries. Het onderscheid is gebaseerd op het soort document en/of de instelling van de Unie van wie het document afkomstig is.
     
  • 1044. 
    De Raad van de Europese Unie kent aan wetgevingsdossiers een uniek toe. Dit nummer bestaat uit een vijfcijferig volgnummer gevolgd door een schuine streep met de laatste twee cijfers van het jaartal, bijvoorbeeld 12345/00 - een document met nummer 12345 uit het jaar 2000.
     
  • 1045. 
    Het interinstitutionele nummer is een nummerreeks die binnen de Europese Unie toegekend wordt aan voorstellen voor regelgeving van de Europese Commissie.
    Binnen de Europese Unie worden nog een aantal andere nummerseries gebruikt. Iedere instelling heeft één of meerdere sets documenten met ieder een eigen nummering. Die reeksen komen niet overeen met elkaar of het interinstitutioneel nummer.
     
  • 1046. 
    Deze databank van de Europese Unie biedt de mogelijkheid de actuele werkzaamheden (workflow) van de Europese instellingen (Europees Parlement, Raad, ESC, Comité van de Regio's, Europese Centrale Bank, Hof van Justitie enz.) te volgen. EURlex volgt alle voorstellen (zoals wetgevende en begrotingsdossiers) en mededelingen van de Commissie, vanaf het moment dat ze aan de Raad of het Europees Parlement worden voorgelegd.
     
  • 1047. 
    Als dag van bekendmaking van een Europees besluit geldt de dag waarop het besluit in het Publicatieblad wordt bekendgemaakt, en daardoor in alle officiële talen van de Europese Unie bij het Publicatiebureau beschikbaar is.