COM(2003)427 - Law applicable to non-contractual obligations ("ROME II")
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Contents
official title
Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and the Council on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations ("ROME II")Legal instrument | Regulation |
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Decision making procedure | ordinary legislative procedure (COD) |
reference by COM-number179 | COM(2003)427 ![]() |
Additional COM-numbers | COM(2006)83; COM(2006)566; COM(2007)126 |
procedure number181 | 2003/0168(COD) |
CELEX number182 | 52003PC0427 |
Document | 22-07-2003 |
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Online publication | 22-07-2003 |
Decision | 11-07-2007; Verordening 2007/864 |
Publication in Official Journal183 | 31-07-2007; Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 19 Volume 006,OJ L 199, 31.7.2007 |
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- 1.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 2.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 3.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 4.The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.
- 5.Project No GR/97/051.
- 6.OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.
- 7.Project No GR/97/051.
- 8.
- 9.OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.
- 10.The contributions received by the Commission can be consulted at: europa.eu.int/comm/justice_home/ news/consulting_public/rome_ii/news_summary_rome2_en.htm.
- 11.See the decision of the Court of Justice in the following notes as regards the account to be taken of this spreading of factors for the international jurisdiction of the courts.
- 12.There are more than fifteen national systems because the United Kingdom does not have a unitary system.
- 13.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 14.Case 21/76 Mines de Potasse d' Alsace
- 15.OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.
- 16.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 8.
- 17.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 18.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 19.Case 34/82 Martin Peters
- 20.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 21.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 22.Report on the Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations, OJ C 282, 31.10.1980, p. 1.
- 23.Article 2(1).
- 24.Article 22.
- 25.Article 23.
- 26.Article 24.
- 27.Article 27.
- 28.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 29.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 30.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 31.Case C-364/93 Marinari v Lloyds Bank
- 32.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 33.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 34.OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.
- 35.Cf. point 3.2.5 of the Green Paper on converting the Convention of Rome of 1980 on the law applicable to contractual obligations into a Community instrument and its modernisation.
- 36.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 37.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 38.Council Directive 85/374/EEC of 25.7.1985 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning liability for defective products (OJ L 210, 7.8.1985, p. 29), as amended by Directive 1999/34/EC of 10 May 1999 (OJ L 141, 4.6.1999, p. 20).
- 39.Such a case might be a German tourist buying French-made goods in Rome airport to take to an African country, where they explode and cause him to sustain damage.
- 40.Finland, France, Luxembourg the Netherlands and Spain. The convention is also in force in Norway, Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia and Yugoslavia.
- 41.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 42.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 43.Directive 85/374, Article 3(2).
- 44.Parliament and Council Directive 98/27/EC of 19 May 1998 on injunctions for the protection of consumers' interests: OJ L 166, 11.6.1998, p. 51.
- 45.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 46.Case C-167/2000 Henkel (judgment given on 1.10.2002).
- 47.Resolution passed at the Amsterdam congress in October 1992, published in the Revue internationale de la concurrence 1992 (No 168), p. 51, this Resolution having also called for an effort to harmonise the substantive rules here.
- 48.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 49.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 50.Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland (doctrine of the 'proper law of the tort'), Netherlands, Spain and Sweden.
- 51.Some academic writers in England doubt, however, whether invasions of privacy are also covered by this rule.
- 52.Case C 68/93 Fiona Shevill and others v Press Alliance SA
- 53.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 54.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 55.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 56.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 57.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 58.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 59.OJ C 337 E, 28.11.2000, p. 78.
- 60.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 61.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 62.Examples include section 6 of the Dutch Act of 11 April 2001 and section 42 of the German EGBGB.
- 63.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 64.It goes without saying that the law governing the injured party's succession applies to the determination of the heirs, this being a preliminary to the main action.
- 65.Article 12(2) of the Rome Convention.
- 66.Cases C-369/96 and C-376/96
- 67.This is the international public policy exception, to which Article 22 is devoted.
- 68.Paragraph 31 of the judgment states that 'The fact that national rules are categorised as public-order legislation does not mean that they are exempt from compliance with the provisions of the Treaty' and that 'The considerations underlying such national legislation can be taken into account by Community law only in terms of the exceptions to Community freedoms expressly provided for by the Treaty and, where appropriate, on the ground that they constitute overriding reasons relating to the public interest'.
- 69.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 70.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 71.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 72.OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.
- 73.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 74.Case C-38/98 Renault v Maxicar
- 75.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 76.OJ C
- 77.OJ C
- 78.Opinion of the European Parliament of
- 79.Action Plan of the Council and the Commission on how best to implement the provisions of the Treaty of Amsterdam on an area of freedom, security and justice: OJ C 19, 23.1.1999.
- 80.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 81.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 82.OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1.
- 83.The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.
- 84.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 85.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 86.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 87.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 88.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 89.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 90.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 91.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 92.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 93.The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.
- 94.Project No GR/97/051.
- 95.OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.
- 96.Project No GR/97/051.
- 97.
- 98.OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.
- 99.The contributions received by the Commission can be consulted at: europa.eu.int/comm/justice_home/ news/consulting_public/rome_ii/news_summary_rome2_en.htm.
- 100.See the decision of the Court of Justice in the following notes as regards the account to be taken of this spreading of factors for the international jurisdiction of the courts.
- 101.There are more than fifteen national systems because the United Kingdom does not have a unitary system.
- 102.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 103.Case 21/76 Mines de Potasse d' Alsace
- 104.OJ C 19, 23.1.1999, p. 1.
- 105.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 8.
- 106.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 107.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 108.Case 34/82 Martin Peters
- 109.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 110.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 111.Report on the Convention on the law applicable to contractual obligations, OJ C 282, 31.10.1980, p. 1.
- 112.Article 2(1).
- 113.Article 22.
- 114.Article 23.
- 115.Article 24.
- 116.Article 27.
- 117.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 118.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 119.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 120.Case C-364/93 Marinari v Lloyds Bank
- 121.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 122.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 123.OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.
- 124.Cf. point 3.2.5 of the Green Paper on converting the Convention of Rome of 1980 on the law applicable to contractual obligations into a Community instrument and its modernisation.
- 125.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 126.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 127.Council Directive 85/374/EEC of 25.7.1985 on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States concerning liability for defective products (OJ L 210, 7.8.1985, p. 29), as amended by Directive 1999/34/EC of 10 May 1999 (OJ L 141, 4.6.1999, p. 20).
- 128.Such a case might be a German tourist buying French-made goods in Rome airport to take to an African country, where they explode and cause him to sustain damage.
- 129.Finland, France, Luxembourg the Netherlands and Spain. The convention is also in force in Norway, Croatia, Macedonia, Slovenia and Yugoslavia.
- 130.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 131.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 132.Directive 85/374, Article 3(2).
- 133.Parliament and Council Directive 98/27/EC of 19 May 1998 on injunctions for the protection of consumers' interests: OJ L 166, 11.6.1998, p. 51.
- 134.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 135.Case C-167/2000 Henkel (judgment given on 1.10.2002).
- 136.Resolution passed at the Amsterdam congress in October 1992, published in the Revue internationale de la concurrence 1992 (No 168), p. 51, this Resolution having also called for an effort to harmonise the substantive rules here.
- 137.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 138.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 139.Denmark, Finland, Greece, Ireland (doctrine of the 'proper law of the tort'), Netherlands, Spain and Sweden.
- 140.Some academic writers in England doubt, however, whether invasions of privacy are also covered by this rule.
- 141.Case C 68/93 Fiona Shevill and others v Press Alliance SA
- 142.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 143.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 144.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 145.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 146.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 147.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 148.OJ C 337 E, 28.11.2000, p. 78.
- 149.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 150.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 151.Examples include section 6 of the Dutch Act of 11 April 2001 and section 42 of the German EGBGB.
- 152.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 153.It goes without saying that the law governing the injured party's succession applies to the determination of the heirs, this being a preliminary to the main action.
- 154.Article 12(2) of the Rome Convention.
- 155.Cases C-369/96 and C-376/96
- 156.This is the international public policy exception, to which Article 22 is devoted.
- 157.Paragraph 31 of the judgment states that 'The fact that national rules are categorised as public-order legislation does not mean that they are exempt from compliance with the provisions of the Treaty' and that 'The considerations underlying such national legislation can be taken into account by Community law only in terms of the exceptions to Community freedoms expressly provided for by the Treaty and, where appropriate, on the ground that they constitute overriding reasons relating to the public interest'.
- 158.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 159.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 160.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 161.OJ C 319, 26 October 1996, p. 1.
- 162.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 163.Case C-38/98 Renault v Maxicar
- 164.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 165.OJ C
- 166.OJ C
- 167.Opinion of the European Parliament of
- 168.Action Plan of the Council and the Commission on how best to implement the provisions of the Treaty of Amsterdam on an area of freedom, security and justice: OJ C 19, 23.1.1999.
- 169.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 170.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 171.OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1.
- 172.The consolidated text of the Convention as amended by the various Conventions of Accession, and the declarations and protocols annexed to it, is published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 34.
- 173.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 174.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 175.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 176.Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000, OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p. 1, replacing the Brussels Convention of 1968, of which a consolidated version was published in OJ C 27, 26.1.1998, p. 1. But the Brussels Convention remains in force for relations between Denmark and the other Member States.
- 177.Presidency conclusions of 16 October 1999, points 28 to 39.
- 178.OJ C 12, 15.1.2001, p. 1.
- 179.De Europese Commissie kent nummers toe aan officiële documenten van de Europese Unie. De Commissie maakt onderscheid in een aantal typen documenten door middel van het toekennen van verschillende nummerseries. Het onderscheid is gebaseerd op het soort document en/of de instelling van de Unie van wie het document afkomstig is.
- 180.De Raad van de Europese Unie kent aan wetgevingsdossiers een uniek toe. Dit nummer bestaat uit een vijfcijferig volgnummer gevolgd door een schuine streep met de laatste twee cijfers van het jaartal, bijvoorbeeld 12345/00 - een document met nummer 12345 uit het jaar 2000.
- 181.Het interinstitutionele nummer is een nummerreeks die binnen de Europese Unie toegekend wordt aan voorstellen voor regelgeving van de Europese Commissie.
Binnen de Europese Unie worden nog een aantal andere nummerseries gebruikt. Iedere instelling heeft één of meerdere sets documenten met ieder een eigen nummering. Die reeksen komen niet overeen met elkaar of het interinstitutioneel nummer.
- 182.Deze databank van de Europese Unie biedt de mogelijkheid de actuele werkzaamheden (workflow) van de Europese instellingen (Europees Parlement, Raad, ESC, Comité van de Regio's, Europese Centrale Bank, Hof van Justitie enz.) te volgen. EURlex volgt alle voorstellen (zoals wetgevende en begrotingsdossiers) en mededelingen van de Commissie, vanaf het moment dat ze aan de Raad of het Europees Parlement worden voorgelegd.
- 183.Als dag van bekendmaking van een Europees besluit geldt de dag waarop het besluit in het Publicatieblad wordt bekendgemaakt, en daardoor in alle officiële talen van de Europese Unie bij het Publicatiebureau beschikbaar is.
- 184.This legally binding act of the European Union is directly applicable in all member states of the European Union. The regulation is similar to national legislation in terms of the impact and direct effect it generates. As such the regulation is the most pervasive of all the legal instruments of the EU.