Annexes to COM(2021)70 - Action Plan on synergies between civil, defence and space industries - Main contents
Please note
This page contains a limited version of this dossier in the EU Monitor.
| dossier | COM(2021)70 - Action Plan on synergies between civil, defence and space industries. |
|---|---|
| document | COM(2021)70  |
| date | February 22, 2021 |
(6) See, for example, the report ‘Horizon 2020-funded security research projects with dual-use potential: An overview (2014-2018) ’, EUR 30210 EN, from the Joint Research Centre.
(7) All actions must comply fully with relevant national, EU and international law, including competition rules.
(8) EU funding must comply fully with applicable law, including the Treaties, the Financial Regulation and the specific rules defined in the relevant basic act for a funding programme or instrument.
(9) Developed within the framework of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) / Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP)
(10) The recently established ‘NIP (National Implementation Plan)-cluster’ on security, technology and RDI (research-development-innovation) for national capability development in civilian CSDP, aims to identify and use relevant EU programmes.
(11) This is in line with the obligation of the Commission and the Council, assisted by the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, to ensure consistency between external action and internal policies (Article 21(3) TEU).
(12) Communication COM(2020) 67 of 19.02.2020, ‘Shaping Europe’s Digital Future’
(13) European Council Conclusions, EUCO 13/20 of 2 October 2020
(14) COM(2020) 605 of 24.7.2020
(15) Calculations are based on Eurostat’s ‘Structural Business Statistics’ and ‘National accounts aggregates by industry’. Most values refer to EU-27, 2017. Missing values are replaced with the most recent available data.
(16) See 2015 report here . These data may not be fully accurate because most industrial organisations are active in both defence and security. The Commission recently launched a new study.
(17) In line with the Council Regulation on trade of dual- use items , in this Action Plan dual-use items are defined as those goods, software and technology that can be used for both civilian and defence applications.
(18) Regulation 2019/452 of 19.03.2019. Implementation and enforcement of the Regulation can help to safeguard critical technologies and infrastructure in a way that also benefits EU operators that rely on them.
(19) The Preparatory Action on Defence Research and the European Defence Industrial Development Programme.
(20) Notably, the Capability Development Plan (and related Strategic Context Cases) and the Coordinated Annual Review on Defence.
(21) Under Article 9 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1896 on the European Border and Coast Guard, a specific capability development planning process has been established for EU integrated border management. It will lead to the coordination of Member States’ national capability development plans related to border management and FRONTEX’s own capability plans. This capability development planning process will support the deployment of the EBCG Standing Corps and will steer the programming of relevant EU instruments.
(22) Direct EU procurement or supporting procurement by Member States.
(23) The Horizon Europe programme envisages that synergies with the EDF will benefit civil and defence research, although activities under the Framework Programme will have an exclusive focus on civil applications.
(24) rescEU is part of the EU Civil Protection Mechanism.
(25) COM(2016) 950 of 30.11.2016
(26) The European Council conclusions of 15 December 2016 invited the EIB “to examine steps with a view to supporting investments in defence research and development activities”.
(27)
‘Destination Earth’ is an EU initiative that aims to develop a very high precision digital model of the Earth to monitor and simulate natural and human activity, and to develop and test scenarios that would enable more sustainable development and support European environmental policies.
(28) https://www.endr.eu/ , https://www.edrin.org/ , https://een.ec.europa.eu/ , https://www.clustercollaboration.eu
(29)
Industrial Alliances serve to convene and rally a wide range of stakeholders in a given ecosystem/value chain where there is: (i) an urgent rationale for changing business model; (ii) a risk of being squeezed out of markets that are key to the future of the EU’s industry/economy; or (iii) a chance to capture a promising future-proof market, along with the spillover effects.
(30)
EC, Critical Raw Materials Resilience: Charting a Path towards greater Security and Sustainability, COM(2020) 474 final.
(31) JRC, 2019, Materials dependencies for dual-use technologies relevant to Europe's defence sector , JRC117729
(32) EC, 2020, Critical raw materials for strategic technologies and sectors in the EU – a Foresight study
(33) Including, when appropriate, relevant identified key enabling technologies , , which constitute a distinct complementary category.
(34) The list builds on critical technologies presented in the 2020 Industrial Strategy Communication and the dual-use export control regulation. It takes into account the EU list of key enabling technologies and its approach is consistent with recent EU industry analysis.
(35) Certain technologies may relate to more than one sector
(36) Such as for use in preventive or treatment health solutions, forensics, etc.
(37) Working as appropriate with existing EU technology monitoring tools such as those of the Commission ( https://ati.ec.europa.eu/ ) or EDA
(38)
Critical dependencies in the interplay of civil, defence and space technologies are a specific subset of (and therefore fully aligned with) the full set of industrial critical dependencies that are addressed by the EU Industrial Strategy, which has a much wider scope.
(39)
The work of the EDA on critical technologies will be taken into account where appropriate, including through the Overarching Strategic Research Agenda (OSRA) and related Technology Building Blocks (TBB).
(40)
See also Communication COM(2020)628 of 30.9.2020, ‘A new ERA for Research and Innovation’.
(41)
The intention to issue hybrid standards (for example, on software defined radio) was first announced in COM(2012) 417 and SWD(2012) 233 of 26.07.2012, ‘Action Plan for an innovative and competitive Security Industry’.
(42)
The ‘EU Innovation Hub in internal security and justice’, recently announced by the Council (6158/20 of 19.02.2020), also aims to identify opportunities for synergies.
(43)
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_2384
(44)
See COM(2020) 18 of 16.12.2020 “The EU’s Cybersecurity strategy for the digital decade”, pages 13-19: Building operational capacity to prevent, deter and respond
(45)
AI developments must be conducted openly across the EU, ensure the safety, the societal and environmental soundness of AI-based applications, consider ethical aspects from the outset, assess the risks and mitigate its potential for malicious use and unintended discrimination such as gender, racial or disability bias. AI will be developed within a well-coordinated framework which respects the EU's values, ethical principles and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. The financial contribution from the Union will guarantee a human-centric and inclusive approach that respects Union values and is in line with the “White Paper on Artificial Intelligence – A European Approach to AI” COM(65) of 19.2. 2020 for which the Commission will present a follow-up proposal in 2021.
(46)
In line with the EDF regulation, the Commission can financially support actions conducive to developing disruptive technologies for defence. However, in order to ensure that the Union's and its Member States' international obligations are respected, actions relating to products or technologies the use, development or production of which are prohibited by international law shall not be financially supported. Thus, when proposing new defence products or technologies or the upgrade of existing ones, applicants should commit themselves to complying with ethical principles, such as those relating to the welfare of human beings and the protection of the human genome, reflected also in relevant national, Union and international law, including the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the European Convention on Human Rights and, where relevant, its Protocols.
(47) Communication “A Union of Equality: Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025”. COM/2020/152 final
(48)
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/882171
(49)
COM(2020) 741 final, An EU Strategy to harness the potential of offshore renewable energy for a climate neutral future
(50)
See also COM(2020) 724 of 11.11.2020 “Building a European Health Union: Reinforcing the EU’s resilience for cross-border health threats”
(51)
In line with the goal expressed in the ‘First Progress Report on the EU Security Union Strategy, COM(2020)797’, to promote the resilience of digital infrastructures and increase preparedness at national and EU level by building up robust capabilities to prevent, detect, respond to and mitigate threats.
(52) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52014JC0009&from=EN
(53) https://ec.europa.eu/maritimeaffairs/sites/maritimeaffairs/files/2018-06-26-eumss-revised-action-plan_en.pdf
(54) http://emsa.europa.eu/cise.html
(55)
See page 15 in COM(2020) 789 of 9.12.2020, ‘Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy – putting European transport on track for the future’.