Explanatory Memorandum to COM(2014)720 - Repeal of Council Decision and implementing measures on reducing consumption of primary sources of energy in the event of difficulties in the supply of crude oil and petroleum - Main contents
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| dossier | COM(2014)720 - Repeal of Council Decision and implementing measures on reducing consumption of primary sources of energy in the event of ... |
|---|---|
| source | COM(2014)720  |
| date | 24-02-2015 |
1. CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL
Under Council Decision 77/706/EEC, the Commission may set a target of up to 10% for reducing the consumption of petroleum products in case of a disruption; Member States have to take all appropriate measures to reduce their consumption accordingly. This decision and Commission Decision 79/639/EEC establish complex rules for reducing oil consumption in case of a disruption. They have never been used in practice. In particular, the Commission has never set a Community target for reducing the consumption of petroleum products.
This legislation was basically in line with the 1974 International Energy Program, the founding treaty of the International Energy Agency, which required IEA Member countries to implement demand restraint measures sufficient to reduce consumption by 7 or 10%, whenever the group sustains a reduction in its oil supplies of at least 7 or 12%, respectively.
In general, oil supply disruptions can be addressed by increasing supply (releasing stocks or increasing indigenous production) or reducing demand (demand restraint measures or fuel switching). Over the years, the importance of emergency stocks has increased and the release of such stocks is now generally considered – also by the IEA – as the main emergency response tool. In case of an oil supply disruption, the release of emergency oil stocks can replace the missing volumes quickly and without disturbing the economic activity of the EU and the life of its citizens. Moreover, emergency oil stocks are often financed by a levy paid by consumers who legitimately expect that those stocks are released in case of a disruption, rather than consumption is restricted.
The related Oil Stocks Directive 1 has been revised in 2009 and is applicable from 2013. It provides a strengthened framework for the establishing and the availability of emergency oil stocks and specifies the procedures under which the stocks can be used. It also requires Member States to have procedures in place 'to impose general or specific restrictions on consumption in line with the estimated shortages, inter alia, by allocating petroleum products to certain groups of users on a priority basis' (Article 20(1)). It is an important tool contributing to the general energy policy objective of security of supply. Now that the revised Oil Stocks Directive has been adopted and entered into force, it appears relevant to address the lack of necessity for keeping overlapping rules in Council Decision 77/706/EEC.
The Commission proposes, on this basis, that the Council repeal Council Decision 77/706/EEC and, at the same time, also Commission Decision 79/639/EEC.
2. RESULTS OF CONSULTATIONS WITH THE INTERESTED PARTIES AND IMPACT ASSESSMENTS
In its meeting on 23 January 2014, the Coordination Group for oil and petroleum products has been consulted about the appropriateness to repeal the Council Decision. Member States supported the initiative to repeal the Council Decision and the implementing Commission Decision which were enacted in a time when emergency stocks had a less prominent role than today.
The impact assessment 2 for the revised oil stocks directive (Council Directive 2009/119/EC) has examined the alternative emergency response tools (demand restraint, fuel switching and production surge) and highlighted their limitations. In particular, demand restraint measures require public acceptance which may sometimes be difficult to obtain and may also hamper business and industry activities and the mobility of citizens.
3. LEGAL ELEMENTS OF THE PROPOSAL
The proposal is based on Article 122(1) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) (ex Article 100(1) EC and previously ex Article 103 i EEC on which Council Decision 77/706/EEC was based).
As a consequence of the repeal of the abovementioned Decision, Commission Decision 79/639/EEC which lays down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Decision 77/706/EEC will lose its legal basis and practical application. In order to ensure legal certainty, the Commission Decision 79/639/EEC should be repealed as well. This can be done by the Council on the proposal by the Commission.